Anzani 6-cylinder
Anzani 6 | |
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45 hp Anzani 6, propeller side. The carburettor is visible between the two lower cylinders. | |
Type | 6-cylinder air-cooled two-row radial |
National origin | France |
Manufacturer | Anzani |
Designer | Alessandro Anzani |
First run | 1910 |
Developed from | 3- cylinder Y engine |
Alessandro Anzani developed the first two-row radial from his earlier 3- cylinder Y engine by merging two onto the same crankshaft with a common crankweb.
Development
[edit]By December 1909 Anzani had a 3-cylinder air-cooled true radial engine running,[1] developed from the earlier 3-cylinder fan configuration engines (semi-radials) that had powered Bleriot across the Channel. By about March 1910 he had completed the first two-row radial engine, a 6-cylinder unit made by merging two 3-cylinder units together, one slightly behind the other and at an angle of 60°. The engine therefore had a lot in common with the early 3-cylinder motors: cylinders were a single iron casting with built-in valve cells and ribs, and pistons were steel with cast-iron rings. The early versions were side-valve engines with automatic (atmospheric pressure opened) inlet valves and exhaust valves mechanically operated via cams in the crankcase. By the end of 1912,[2] as with the smaller engines the exhaust valves were moved to the cylinder heads and operated by push-rods and rockers. The exhaust valves were at the front of the engine, with the fuel inlet manifold at the rear. A prominent pair of 150° exhaust tubes were fitted. Plugs were mounted in the cylinder sides, in the plane of the engine and on the upper side to minimise plug fouling by lubricant.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/TNCA_Aztatl_and_Propeller_Anahuac.jpg/220px-TNCA_Aztatl_and_Propeller_Anahuac.jpg)
The crankcase was an aluminium casting and in later models contained a fuel mixing chamber. These later versions also used long bolts to attach the cylinders to the crankcase.[2] The engine used a single, kinked crankweb, coupled to slim but broad connecting rods in order to minimise the axial displacement between the two rows.[1] This was less than in more recent double row radials, the rear face of the front row falling on the centre plane of the back row.[3] The engine was not strictly a radial, as the crankweb geometry slightly offset the centres of the two rows, an arrangement best seen from the back of the engine,[4] where the superimposed inlet tubes and push-rods of the later engine highlight the cylinder centre lines. Such an offset between cylinder centre line and crankshaft is often termed désaxé.
The earliest of the 6-cylinder radials had a bore of 90 mm and stroke of 120 mm[1] giving a displacement of 4.58 litres (280 cu in) and an output of 34 kW (45 hp) at 1,300 rpm. Its weight was 70 kg (154 lbs).[5] A later version produced 45 kW (60 hp) from 6.23 litres (380 cu in).[5]
Variants
[edit]- 45 hp (34 kW)
- Anzani's first two-row radial developed 34 kW (45 hp) from 4.58 L (280 cu in) displacement.
- 60 hp (45 kW)
- Larger cylinders gave 45 kW (60 hp) at 1,300 rpm from 6.23 L (380 cu in ) displacement.
- TNCA Aztatl
- A direct copy of the 60 hp 6-cylinder Anzani, produced in Mexico by TNCA (Talleres Nacionales de Construcciones Aeronáuticas - national aviation workshops).
Applications
[edit]- Aeromarine EO
- Austin Whippet
- Caudron Type Caudron-Fabre
- Caudron Type N
- Caudron C.114
- Działowski D.K.D.3
- Działowski D.K.D.4
- Farman Scout
- Gabriel Śląsk
- Laird B-4
- Perry Beadle T.2
- TNCA Serie A
- TNCA Serie H
- Westland Woodpigeon II
Specifications (60 hp overhead valve)
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Anzani_6_oblique_Shuttleworth.jpg/220px-Anzani_6_oblique_Shuttleworth.jpg)
Data from Flight[5]
General characteristics
- Type: 6-cylinder double row air-cooled radial
- Bore: 105 mm (4.13 in)
- Stroke: 120 mm (4.72 in)
- Displacement: 6.23 litres (379 cu in )
- Dry weight: 91 kg (200 lb)
Components
- Valvetrain: automatic inlet valves, mechanical exhaust valves driven by crankcase cam-operated pushrods and rockers. One inlet, one exhaust per cylinder
- Fuel system: carburettor, mixing chamber in crankcase.
- Oil system: splash lubricated
- Cooling system: air-cooled, finned cylinders
- ignition: single magneto, one plug/cylinder
Performance
- Power output: 45 kW (60 hp) at 1,300 rpm
- Power-to-weight ratio: 0.49 kW/kg (0.30 hp/lb)
See also
[edit]Related lists
References
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
Notes
[edit]Bibliography
[edit]- Gunston, Bill (1989), World Encyclopaedia of Aero Engines, Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens, ISBN 1-85260-163-9
- "Aeronautical Engines.", Flight (4 January 1913): 20–1
- "Anzani Engines ...", Flight (5 July 1913): 748