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Cornelius Tiebout

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Cornelius Tiebout (1773?-1832)[1] was an American copperplate engraver. According to the Library of Congress and many followers, Tiebout was born in 1777.[2] If so, his earliest known engraving was published while he was only eleven years old.[3]

Biography

Tiebout was born to a Huguenot family in New York.[4] His ancestry and name were Dutch.[5] He worked in New York City as a silversmith and printmaker until 1793.[4] Tiebout was apprenticed to New York silversmith John Burger (1747-1828).[6] Tiebout and Burger's son published a songbook entitled Amphion.[7]

Trinity Church, New York City

Among Tiebout's many engravings during 1790-1793 are 47 illustrations in The New York Magazine; or, Literary Repository.[8] His engraving of Trinity Church in New York appears in the first issue of this magazine, dated the first day of 1790. Each issue of the Magazine that includes a Tiebout engraving also presents, on the contents page, a note calling attention to the engraving. The articles accompanying these engravings usually provide details of historic interest. Among the 47 subjects are the Federal Edifice in New York City (March, 1790), Columbia College (now Columbia University) (May, 1790), Mount Aetna (November, 1790), West Point military site (March, 1791), Plan of the City of Washington (June, 1792), and views of historic residences, churches and rivers.

Late in 1793, Tiebout moved to London. According to Tiebout's daughter Caroline, Tiebout resided in the house of Pennsylvania-born artist Benjamin West during 1793-1796.[9] In London, Tiebout engraved five portraits that were published in London.[10] Referring to Tiebout's London portrait of John Jay, Stauffer wrote, "This is probably the first really good portrait engraved by an American-born professional engraver."[11] Stauffer correctly gives the date of this famous portrait as April, 1795.[12] The date April, 1796, given elsewhere, is an error.[13] In August, 1796, Tiebout returned to New York, and in that year the firm of Cornelius and Alexander Tiebout (not Andrew Tiebout, as found in some sources) published an engraving of a painting by West.[14]

The widespread assertion that Tiebout moved to Kentucky and died there[4] is not correct. Tiebout, with daughter Caroline, 20, and son Henry, 5, arrived in New Harmony, Indiana, in October, 1826, and resided there until Tiebout's death.[15] In New Harmony, Tiebout taught in William Maclure's School of Industry and engraved illustrations for Thomas Say's American Entomology, a project which he had begun when both he and Say lived in Philadelphia. Tiebout was still engraving illustrations for Say's American Conchology when he became too ill to continue.[16] According to records in The Working Men's Institute in New Harmony, Cornelius Tiebout died on 24 February 1832 and was buried on the property of George Woods in a graveyard that no longer exists.[17] According to a record in the Posey County, Indiana, Courthouse, dated 29 March 1832, Tiebout's son-in-law, Simon W. Kellogg, was administrator of Tiebout's estate, with Thomas Say as co-signer.[18]

Works

Tiebout's works are held in multiple American museum collections, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art,[19] and the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts,[20][21] as well as the Royal Collection Trust in the United Kingdom.[22]

His best-known engravings include portraits of George Washington,[4] Thomas Jefferson,[23] and John Adams, as well as an engraving of the then-New York City Hall[19] and the USS Constitution capturing the Guerriere.[24] However, as is true about many other American copperplate engravers, most of Tiebout's engravings appeared in American editions of books previously published in London during the first three decades after the War for Independence.

References

  1. ^ "Cornelius Tiebout". British National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
  2. ^ Library of Congress Authorities: Cornelius Tiebout
  3. ^ Cornelius Tiebout Engravings: Part 1: Earliest Engravings (1788-1789)
  4. ^ a b c d "Cornelius Tiebout". emuseum.mountvernon.org. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
  5. ^ C. H. Tiebout and Francis V. Morrell, The Ancestry and Posterity of Cornelius Henry Tiebout of Brooklyn, printed for private distribution, 1910, p. 3.
  6. ^ New York State Silversmiths, edited by H. F. Darling, Eggertsville, New York, 1964, p. 176.
  7. ^ Irving Lowens, "Amphion: Another Piracy from Andrew Law?" in Richard S. Hill: Tributes from Friends, compiled and edited by C. J. Bradley and J. B. Coover, Detroit Studies in Music Bibliography, no. 58, Detroit, 1987, p. 195.
  8. ^ Cornelius Tiebout Engravings: Part 2.
  9. ^ H. Guynes, "The Simon Wattles Kellogg Family of Robertson County, Texas", typescript in The Working Men's Institute, New Harmony, Indiana, undated, p. 2.
  10. ^ Stauffer, v. 2, 520-533.
  11. ^ Stauffer. v. 1, pp. 271-272.
  12. ^ Stauffer, v. 1, p. xxvii.
  13. ^ Stauffer, v. 1, p. 271.
  14. ^ D. M. Stauffer, American Engravers upon Copper and Steel, vol. 2, p. 526-527.
  15. ^ William Maclure to Reuben Haines, 25 October 1826, Wyck Collection, American Philosophical Society, Box 19, Folder 239.
  16. ^ William Maclure and Marie Duclos Fretageot, Partnership for Posterity, edited by Josephine Mirabella Elliott, Indianapolis Historical Society, Indianapolis, 1994, pages 368, 379, 404, 446, 473, 481, 493, 518, 519, 537, 543, 547, 551, 574, 582, 590, 591, 605, 607, 618, 633, 784, 787, 846, 907, 912, 723, and 962.
  17. ^ Darlene McConnell, Posey County Burials, Windmill Publications, Mt. Vernon, Indiana, 1996, p. 151 and family records for surnames Tiebout, Woods, and others, Workingmen's Institute, New Harmony, Indiana.
  18. ^ Posey County [Indiana] Order Book Probate, Books C and D, Feb. 1828-May, 1834, p. 239.
  19. ^ a b "Cornelius Tiebout | A Perspective View of the City Hall in New York, Taken from Wall Street". The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
  20. ^ "Cornelius Tiebout, "Now, When the Even Was Come..." (early 19th century)". PAFA - Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. 2014-12-28. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
  21. ^ "Cornelius Tiebout after Ibbetson, "The Death of Captain Walter Raleigh" (early 19th century)". PAFA - Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. 2014-12-28. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
  22. ^ "Cornelius Tiebout (1777?-1830) - Lord Newark". www.rct.uk. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
  23. ^ "Cornelius Tiebout's portrait of Thomas Jefferson". WHHA (en-US). Retrieved 2023-06-25.
  24. ^ "U.S. Frigate Constitution with Commander Isaac Hull". US National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 2023-06-25.

Further reading

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