Integrated bottom line

The Integrated Bottom Line relates to the Triple Bottom Line concept. Both concepts suggest that the environment, society, and economy should be considered in business operations. The Integrated Bottom Line goes a step further than the Triple Bottom Line by suggesting that all three topics (environment, society, and economy) should be considered together as a single bottom line. Thus, it argues that environment and society are elements of a financial bottom line and should be considered as such. The term is said to have been coined by Theo Ferguson of Sustainable Ventures.

External links

• Natural Capitalism by Paul Hawkins, Amory Lovins, and L. Hunter Lovins
• The Natural Capitalism Website
• The Triple Pundit Website