Four Noble Truths
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The Four Noble Truths (Sanskrit: catvāri āryasatyāni; Pali: cattāri ariyasaccāni) are one of the most fundamental Buddhist teachings. In broad terms, these truths relate to suffering's nature, origin, cessation and the path leading to the cessation. They are among the truths Gautama Buddha is said to have realized during his experience of enlightenment.[1]
The Four Noble Truths appear many times throughout the most ancient Buddhist texts, the Pali Canon. Mahayana Buddhism regards these as a preliminary teaching for people not ready for its own teachings.[2]
Strictly speaking, "truths" is a mistranslation; "realities" would be better: these are "things", not statements, in the original grammar.[3]
See also
Notes
References
- Bodhi, Bhikkhu (trans.) (2000). The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A New Translation of the Samyutta Nikaya. Boston: Wisdom Publications. ISBN 0-86171-331-1.
- Feer, Leon (ed.) (1976). The Samyutta Nikaya. Vol. 5. London: Pali Text Society.
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- Gethin, Rupert (1988). Foundations of Buddhism. Oxford University Press.
- Harvey, Peter (1990). Introduction to Buddhism. Cambridge University Press.
- Nanamoli, Bhikkhu (trans.) (1995, ed. Bhikkhu Bodhi). The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha: A New Translation of the Majjhima Nikaya. Boston: Wisdom Publications. ISBN 0-86171-072-X.
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- Thanissaro, Bhikkhu (trans.) (1997). Tittha Sutta: Sectarians (AN 3.61). Retrieved 2007-11-12 from "Access to Insight" at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/an/an03/an03.061.than.html.
- Warder, A.K. (1970). Indian Buddhism. Delhi.
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- Yamamoto, Kosho (1999-2000, ed. & rev. by Dr. Tony Page). The Mahayana Mahaparinirvana Sutra in 12 Volumes. Nirvana Publications.
External links
- His Holiness the 14th Dalai Lama speaks of the "Four Noble Truths" in a four part video series at youtube.com:
- The Four Noble Truths as in the Buddhist Encyclopedia.
- At Access to Insight:
- The Four Noble Truths: A Study Guide (by Thanissaro Bhikkhu)
- Wings to Awakening Section 3.H.i: The Four Noble Truths (translated by Thanissaro Bhikkhu)
- Talks given by Ajahn Sumedho:
- At Amaravati Monastery's web: The Four Noble Truths
- PDF version at Buddhanet.net: The Four Noble Truths eBook
- A View on the Four Noble Truths
- The Light of Asia (Book Eight), a poem in iambic pentameter by Sir Edwin Arnold.
- 4 noble truths in pali
- Buddhism - the Four Noble Truths
- The Feeling Buddha: An alternate interpretation of the Four Noble Truths.
- Sixteen Aspects of the Four Noble Truths
- Nirvana Sutra, for full text of the Mahaparinirvana Sutra and link to other tathagatagarbha sutras (including the Angulimaliya Sutra).
- Etymology of the Pāli "ariyasacca"