Driveline shunt

Driveline shunt occurs when a vehicle gives an abrupt jolt while coming on or off overrun or freewheel. It is caused when the gearbox or other transmission linkages don't immediately relay changes in engine output to changes in wheel speed. There is a very brief delay before the slack is taken up in a sudden, abrupt manner. These two scenarios are:
1) You come off the accelerator, the engine quickly goes into overrun but there is a short delay before the vehicle feels as though it has been shunted backwards slightly.
2) You come on the accelerator after the engine has been on overrun, there is a short delay before the vehicle feels as thought it has been shunted forwards slightly.
It can occur due to slack within automatic gearboxes, but it can also occur from slack in the other driveline linkages especially where the drive-line is long due to the engine being the opposite end of the vehicle from the driven wheels. Due to the latter it can therefore occur in vehicles with a manual transmission. It has been known to occur even in very new and very high-end vehicles. With experience most drivers simply allow for it and execute these torque transitions smoothly with finer control of the accelerator. Over time it is expected that engine management systems will increasingly do this on our behalf.
Driveline shunt is not be confused with engine surge in automatic vehicle where an engine "searches" for it's idle speed whilst a very low road speeds, and causes unexpected surges in acceleration. This is a different phenomenon which can be mitigated by an experienced driver using left foot braking for such very low speed maneuvering.