1953 Sarnia tornado
| F4 tornado | |
|---|---|
| File:Sartormap.jpg | |
| Max. rating1 | F4 tornado |
| Fatalities | 7 |
| Damage | $17.6 million (in 1953 U.S. dollars) |
| 1Most severe tornado damage; see Fujita scale | |
A powerful tornado struck the city of Sarnia, Ontario, Canada on the afternoon of May 21, 1953.
One of many violent tornadoes during this exceedingly active and deadly season, this tornado touched down just before 4:30pm near Smiths Creek, Michigan (approximately ten miles southwest of Port Huron). It moved steadily towards the east-northeast at 35 mph, where it devastated the southern edge of Port Huron some twenty minutes later (Grazulis, 1990) resulting in widespread F3 and F4 damage. Two people were killed in Port Huron and twenty more were injured. Close to 400 homes were damaged or destroyed in the United States with monetary losses totaling $2.6 million (Grazulis, 1990).
Before crossing the St. Clair River into Canada, the parent thunderstorm dumped heavy amounts of rain and golfball size hail on the city of Sarnia. This circumstance was credited with clearing the streets of motorists and pedestrians, henceforth reducing the potential number of tornado related casualties.[1] By 5:40pm however, the tornado roared into Canada[2] just south of Sarnia Harbour, where it intensified further and grew in size to 900 metres across (Grazulis, 1990). Moving to the northeast, the tornado passed directly through the downtown area where nearly a hundred commercial buildings sustained damage. A four-floor hotel on the waterfront was missing much of its upper floors, as was a furniture store on Christina Street. The auditorium of the Imperial Theatre completely collapsed. Nearby however, a steel-reinforced telephone exchange building received minimal damage.[3]
At least 150 homes on the more suburban outskirts of the city were damaged, and in some instances, reduced to rubble. Before exiting Sarnia, the tornado curved even further to the northeast and began to weaken, as its path narrowed to approximately 30 metres across.[4] A radio station nearby was severely damaged by the tornado, CHOK. Launched at 97.5 MHz in the 1940s, the station was never rebuilt. It left the air in 1957.[5]
As it moved into rural Lambton and Middlesex Counties, more F4 damage was inflicted upon farmsteads and homes near Nairn, before the tornado dissipated south of Stratford (Grazulis, 1990). This suggests a total path length exceeding 120 kilometres; though it is highly probable that this damage path was made up of more than one tornado, possibly as many as four.[6] At the very least, there were two other storm tracks that day both of which paralleled the Sarnia storm to its north and south.[7] One of these tracked from Strathroy to northeast of London whereas the other originated near Lambton Shores before weakening near St. Mary's. Significant tornado damage in the F2 to F4 range was also reported with these storms, and it is likely that these parent supercells were also of the cyclic variety. As many as nine individual tornadoes may have touched down during this outbreak.[8] Financial losses in Canada totaled $15 million. Five people were killed, 48 were injured, and 500 were left homeless.[9]
References
- Grazulis, T. (1990). Significant Tornadoes: 1880-1989, Vol. 2. St. Johnsbury, VT: Environmental Films.
- http://www.lambtononline.com/tornado
- http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/obj/irc/doc/pubs/ir/ir111/ir111.pdf
- http://ontario.hazards.ca/maps/background/Tornado-e.html
- http://www.broadcasting-history.ca/index3.html?url=http%3A//www.broadcasting-history.ca/listings_and_histories/radio/histories.php%3Fid%3D1293%26historyID%3D1276