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100 euro note

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One hundred euro
(Eurozone and Institutions)
Value100 euro
Width147[1] mm
Height82[1] mm
Security featuresHologram, EURion, watermarks, raised printing, colour changing ink, microprinting, ultraviolet ink, a security thread, matted surface, perforations, see through number, barcodes and a serial number[2]
Material usedCotton fibre[3]
Years of printing2002–present[4]
Obverse
DesignWindow in the Baroque and Rococo style.[5]
DesignerRobert Kalina[6]
Design date3 December 1996[6]
Reverse
DesignBridge in the Baroque and Rococo style and map of Europe.[5]
DesignerRobert Kalina[6]
Design date3 December 1996[6]

The one hundred euro (€100) note is one of the higher value euro banknotes and has been used since the introduction of the euro (in its cash form) in 2002.[7] The hundred euro note is the third largest at 147 x 82mm with a blue colour scheme.[5] The architectural style depicted in the hundred euro note shows the Baroque and Rococo style.[5] It is consequently used daily by some 332 million Europeans.[8][9] The hundred euro banknote is used in the 23 countries which have it as their sole currency (with 20 legally adopting it) in Europe.[10]

The changeover period during which the former currencies' notes and coins were exchanged for those of the euro lasted about two months, until 28 February 2002. The official date on which the national currencies ceased to be legal tender varied from member state to member state.[4] The earliest date was in Germany, where the mark officially ceased to be legal tender on 31 December 2001, though the exchange period lasted for two months more. Even after the old currencies ceased to be legal tender, they continued to be accepted by national central banks for periods ranging from ten years to forever.[11][4]

History

Main article: History of the euro

The euro was set up on 1 January 1999, when it became the currency of over 300 million people in Europe.[4] For the first three years of its existence it was an invisible currency, only used in accountance. Euro banknotes and coins were not introduced until 1 January 2002, when it replaced the banknotes and coins of the eurozone 12, as it was then, national currencies like the Irish Pound and the Austrian schilling.[4]

Legally, both the European Central Bank and the central banks of the eurozone countries have the right to issue the 7 different euro banknotes. In practice, only the national central banks of the zone physically issue and withdraw euro banknotes. The European Central Bank does not have a cash office and is not involved in any cash operations.[4]

Changes

There has so far only been one series of euro notes, however a new series similar to the current one is to be issued from 2011.[5] The initial issue of notes bears the signature of the first president of the European Central Bank, Wim Duisenberg, who was replaced on 1 November 2003 by Jean-Claude Trichet, whose signature appears on subsequent issues.[5]

Design

The hundred euro note measures at 147 millimetres (5.8 in) × 82 millimetres (3.2 in) and has a green colour scheme.[5] All bank notes depict bridges and arches/doorways in a different historical European style; the hundred euro note shows the Baroque and Rococo style (between the 17th and 18th century).[9] Although Robert Kalina's original designs were intended to show real monuments, for political reasons the bridge and art are merely hypothetical examples of the architectural era.[12]

Like all euro notes, it contains the denomination, the EU flag, the signature of the president of the ECB and the initials of said bank in different EU languages, a depiction of EU territories overseas, the stars from the EU flag and twelve security features as listed below.[5]

Security features

100-euro banknote under fluorescent light (UV-A)
100 euro note under UV light (Observe)
Obverse
100 euro note under UV light (Observe)
Reverse

The hundred euro note is protected by:

  • A hologram,[9] The hologram image change between the value and a window or doorway can be seen if the note is tilted, and rainbow-coloured concentric circles of micro-letters moving from the centre to the edges of the patch are seen in the background.[13]
  • A EURion constellation,[9] Special printing processes gives the note a unique feel.
  • A glossy stripe,[9] If the note is tilted, a glossy stripe showing the value numeral and the euro symbol appears.
  • Watermarks,[9] It appears when the note is hit against the light.
  • Microprinting,[9] Sharp tiny text can be seen using a magnifying glass on numerous areas in the note, for example, inside "EYPΩ" (EURO in Greek characters) on the observe.[14]
  • Ultraviolet ink,[9] Under ultraviolet light, the paper doesn't glow, however fibres embedded in the paper can be seen, and should be coloured red, blue and green. The EU lag appears green whereas the stars appears orange. Also the ECB President signature turns green, the large stars and small circles on the front glow and the European map, a bridge and the value numeral on the back appear in yellow.[14]
  • Raised printing,[9] Due to special methods of printing, the ink can be felt raised or thicker in the main image, the lettering and the value numerals on the front of the banknote. The raised print can be felt on running fingers above it or scratching it gently by fingernail.[15]
  • A security thread,[9] It is embedded in the banknote paper. If the banknote is hold against the light - the thread appears as a dark stripe. The word "EURO" and the value can be seen in tiny letters on the stripe.[16]
  • Matted surface,[9] the note paper is made out of pure cotton, which feels crisp and firm, however counterfeit notes feels limp or waxy.[15]
  • Perforations,[9] If the banknote is hold against the light, perforations can be seen in the hologram which forms the € symbol. Small numbers showing the value can be also seen.[16]
  • Barcodes,[9]
  • Serial number,[9]

Circulation

As of September 2011, there are approximately 1,588,471,700 €100 banknotes in circulation around the Eurozone 17.[17] That is approximately €158,847,166,700 worth of €100 banknotes (as of September 2011).[17] The European Central Bank is closely monitoring the circulation and stock of the euro coins and banknotes. It is a task of the Eurosystem to ensure an efficient and smooth supply of euro notes and to maintain their integrity throughout the euro area.[17]

Tracking

There are several communities of people at European level, one of which is EuroBillTracker,[18] that as a hobby keeps a track of the euro banknote that pass through them, so that they can keep a track and know where they travel or have traveled.[18] The aim is to record as many notes as possible in order to know details about its spread, like from where and to which place they travel in general; follow it up, like where a banknote has been seen in particular; and generate statistics and rankings, for example, in which countries there are more banknotes.[18] EuroBillTracker has registered over 96 million notes as of October 2011,[19] worth more than €1.876 billion.[19]

Notes

  1. ^ a b "The Euro Banknotes". European Central Bank. European Central Bank. 2008. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
  2. ^ "ECB: Security Features". European Central Bank. ecb.int. 2002. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
  3. ^ "ECB: Feel". European Central Bank. European Central Bank. 2002. Retrieved 9 October 2011.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "ECB: Introduction". ECB. ECB.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h "ECB: Banknotes". European Central Bank. European Central Bank. 2002. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
  6. ^ a b c d "ECB: Banknotes design". ECB. ECB. February 1996. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
  7. ^ "Witnessing a milestone in European history". The Herald. Back Issue. 1 January 2002. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
  8. ^ "Total population as of 1 January". Epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu. 2011-03-11. Retrieved 2011-07-17.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "ECB: Security Features". ECB. ECB.
  10. ^
  11. ^ "Bank of Italy - Exchange of lira notes and coins". Banc d'Italia. Banc d'Italia. 13 April 2011. Retrieved 14 October 2011.
  12. ^ "Money talks - the new Euro cash". BBC News. BBC News. December 1996. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
  13. ^ "ECB:Tilt". ECB. ecb.int. 1 January 2002. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
  14. ^ a b "ECB: Additional features". ECB. ecb.int. 1 January 2002. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
  15. ^ a b "ECB: Feel". ECB. ecb.int. 1 January 2011. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
  16. ^ a b "ECB: Look". ECB. ecb.int. 1 January 2002. Retrieved 22 October 2011.
  17. ^ a b c "ECB: Circulation". European Central Bank. European Central Bank. August 2011. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
  18. ^ a b c "EuroBillTracker - About this site". Philippe Girolami, Anssi Johansson, Marko Schilde. EuroBillTracker. 1 January 2002. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
  19. ^ a b "EuroBillTracker - Statistics". Philippe Girolami, Anssi Johansson, Marko Schilde. EuroBillTracker. 1 January 2002. Retrieved 21 October 2011.
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