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Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane

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Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane
Partially condensed, stereo, skeletal formula of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane
Partially condensed, stereo, skeletal formula of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane
Ball and stick model of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane
Ball and stick model of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane
Names
IUPAC name
2,4,6,8,10,12-Hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane[citation needed]
Other names
CL-20
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
Abbreviations CL-20, HNIW
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.114.169 Edit this at Wikidata
  • InChI=1S/C6H6N12O12/c19-13(20)7-1-2-8(14(21)22)5(7)6-9(15(23)24)3(11(1)17(27)28)4(10(6)16(25)26)12(2)18(29)30/h1-6H checkY
    Key: NDYLCHGXSQOGMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • o:n(:o)N1C2C3N(C4C(N3n(:o):o)N(C(C1N4n(:o):o)N2n(:o):o)n(:o):o)n(:o):o
  • [O-][N+](=O)N1C2C3N(C4C(N3[N+]([O-])=O)N(C(C1N4[N+]([O-])=O)N2[N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O
Properties
C
6N
12H
6O
12
Molar mass 438.1850 g mol-1
Explosive data
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)

2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane, also called HNIW, and CL-20, is a nitroamine explosive with the formula C6H6N12O12, developed by the China Lake facility, primarily to be used in propellants. It has a better oxidizer-to-fuel ratio than conventional HMX or RDX. It produces 20% more energy than traditional HMX-based propellants, and is widely superior to conventional high-energy propellants and explosives.

While most development of CL-20 has been fielded by the Thiokol Corporation, the US Navy (through ONR) has also been interested in CL-20 for use in rocket propellants, such as for missiles, as it has lower observability characteristics (e.g., less visible smoke).[1]

CL-20 has not yet been fielded in any production weapons system, but is presently undergoing testing for stability, production capabilities, and other weapons characteristics.

Synthesis

It is made by reacting hexabenzylisowurtzitane with acetic anhydride yielding dibenzyltetraethanoylisowurtzitane, which is then reacted with nitronium tetrafluoroborate and nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate, resulting in HNIW.

See also

References

  1. ^ University chemists devise means to stabilize explosive CL-20
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