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Mosaic covenant

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"Old Covenant" redirects here. For the Icelandic Old Covenant, see Old Covenant (Iceland).
"Moses with the Ten Commandments" by Rembrandt (1659).

In Judaism, the Mosaic Covenant or Sinaitic Covenant refers to the covenant between God and the Israelites, which includes instructions for proselytes and Noachides. The establishment and stipulations of the Mosaic Covenant are recorded in the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, which are collectively called the Torah and sometimes referred to as the Law of Moses or Mosaic Law. The keepers of the Covenant largely fail to see that it is not a document or written agreement but rather the access to the Living Word, dreams and visions, which is the means by which the Mosaic Covenant was provided and is always available to those who take the time to recall and record their dreams.

Judaism

In the Hebrew Bible God establishes the Mosaic Covenant with the Israelites after he has saved them from slavery in Egypt in the events of The Exodus. It is legally linked with the 613 commandments. Because Judaism views the Mosaic covenant as applying only to Jews, it advocates the much easier to observe pre-Mosaic Seven Laws of Noah for non-Jews. "Unlike Christianity, Judaism does not deny salvation to those outside of its fold, for, according to Jewish law, all non-Jews who observe the Noahide laws will participate in salvation and in the rewards of the world to come".[1]

The Mosaic Covenant played a role in defining the Israelite kingdom (c.1220-c.930 BCE), and subsequently the southern Kingdom of Judah (c.930-c.587 BCE) and northern Kingdom of Israel (c.930-c.720 BCE), and Yehud Medinata (c.539-c.333 BCE), and the Hasmonean Kingdom (140-37 BCE), and the Bar Kokhba revolt (132-136 CE), and Rabbinic Judaism c.2nd century to the present.

Christianity

Main article: Christian views on the old covenant
Sermon On the Mount by Carl Heinrich Bloch, Danish painter, d. 1890.

The Mosaic Covenant, which Christians generally call the "Old Covenant", in contrast to the New Covenant, has played an important role in the shaping of Christianity and been the source of serious dispute and controversy since its inception, such as Jesus' expounding of the Law during his Sermon on the Mount, the circumcision controversy in Early Christianity, and the Incident at Antioch which has led scholars to dispute the relationship between Paul of Tarsus and Judaism. After the Resurrection of Christ, and the establishment of the Apostolic Church, the first Christian martyr, after Jesus, recorded in the Book of Acts, Saint Stephen, is killed because of a controversy over the Mosaic Law and the Temple (6:13Template:Bibleverse with invalid book). Later, in Acts 15, the Council of Jerusalem addressed the circumcision controversy in early Christianity.

See also

References

  1. ^ H. Revel, Universal Jewish Encyclopedia; Universal Jewish Encyclopedia Inc., New York, 1939-1943, pp. 227-228.


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