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Atemi Ju-Jitsu

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Atemi Ju-Jitsu, in Japanese: Atemi (当て身) Jujutsu (柔術), is a modern martial art of ancient origin revived in France in the 1940s/1950s by Bernard Pariset†, influenced by Mikonosuke Kawaishi [1] [2] and Shozo Awazu, themselves students of Jigoro Kano (Judo Founder). The Pariset family is sometimes referred to as the 'French Gracie', after having developed their own Ju-Jitsu style directly inspired from Kano Jujutsu and other traditional Jujutsu systems [3].

Atemi Ju-Jitsu includes atemi-waza (striking techniques), nage-waza (throwing techniques) and katame-waza (grappling techniques). Its practice includes both kihon and randori, standing techniques (tachi-waza) and groundwork (ne-waza). It combines techniques found in martial arts such as judo, karate, aikido and savate, along with older techniques from traditional jujutsu systems of the Muromachi and Edo periods

History

Jigoro Kano sent many of his students outside of Japan to demonstrate and teach Judo. Among these students, Mitsuyo Maeda went to the Americas and Mikonosuke Kawaishi to Europe. After a long trip across the North and South America, Maeda finally settled in Brazil where he started to teach the Gracie family in the late 1910s/early 1920s a form of Judo influenced by Fusen-Ryū Jujutsu and mainly focused on Ne-Waza (ground techniques). The Gracie family building on Maead's legacy developed a system that would later become known as Gracie Jiu-Jitsu (or Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu). After an equally long trip across Europe, the second student (Kawaishi) finally settled in France where he started to teach. Bernard and Daniel Pariset were among his students family in the late 1930s/early 1940s. Kawaishi Judo was influenced by traditional Jujutsu systems from the Muromachi and Edo periods, which led the Pariset family to develop a Jujutsu system not solely focused on Ne-Waza (unlike the Gracie) but also on Atemi-Waza and Nage-Waza. Kawaishi founded the French Judo and Jiu-Jitsu Federation (FFJJJ) in 1946 [4].

The 'Ju-Jitsu Club Français' was established in 1944 and Bernard Pariset started to teach Judo-Jiu-Jitsu there in parallel of his professional Judo career, before becoming its Director until his death [5]. The 'Ju-Jitsu Club Français' was one of many Parisian Dojos at the epicentre of the expansion of a lot Japanese martial arts in France. It was regularly visited by Japanese instructors, First Kawaishi in the 1940s/1950s and then Awazu in the 1950s/1960s. The latter was an expert in Ne-Waza and was teaching ground self-defense. Minoru Mochizuiki was another direct student of Jigoro Kano, Morihei Ueshiba and Gichin Funakoshi who paid regular visits to the Dojo. Mochizuiki, in addition to being a Judo instructor, became the first to teach Aikido in the West. Founder of the Yoseikan Budo, he has studied extensively old Jujutsu systems. At the same time, Karate-do was making its first steps in Europe and was sitting under the umbrella of the young French Judo Federation. The 'Ju-Jitsu Club Français' also saw the development of Karate-do under the the leadership of Jacques Delcourt and Henri Plee, as well as the influence of Savate (Boxe Francaise) which were all practised at the dojo. All these different martial arts influenced the making of Atemi Ju-Jitsu as a modern martial art with ancient roots, traditions and ethics.

A dedicated Atemi Ju-Jitsu Federation [6] exists and regroups all Dojos practising this Jujutsu system. Atemi Ju-Jitsu is still actively practised today in France and the Pariset family legacy is kept alive in Europe by Daniel Pariset (8th Dan) and Eric Pariset (6th Dan), and in the United States by Julien Durand (4th Dan). Regular demonstrations are performed during international events such as the Paris-Bercy World Martial Arts Festival [7].

System

Atemi Ju-Jitsu puts a lot of emphasis on tai sabaki and kuzushi to break the opponent's balance, combined with locks, throws and chokes. The use of Atemi is particularly important in this system both as a mean to create the kuzushi and strike vital points to neutralize the opponent. It is coming from traditional Nihon Jujutsu systems such as Kyūshin Ryū, Takenouchi-ryū, Kitō-ryū, Yagyū Shingan-ryū, Yōshin-ryū and Tenjin Shin'yō-ryū (most of which have extensive use of atemi). It has also benefited from the influence of more recent systems such as Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu and Wadō-Ryū.

Ju-Jitsukas are asked to maintain a balance between all elements of the system in order to build a complete martial artists able to face multiple situations, multiple opponents and multiple types of weapons. As a result, their training is evenly split between Atemi, Nage and katame-Waza; and between tachi and ne-Waza. It is a complete educational method based on Shin-Si-Tai (Spirit-Technique-Body), all inseparable.

References

  1. ^ My Method of Self Defence, Mikonosuke Kawaishi
  2. ^ My Method of Judo, Mikonosuke Kawaishi
  3. ^ 'Judo in France' by Henri Plee, in A Complete Guide to Judo: Its Story and Practice, ed. Robert W. Smith
  4. ^ [1]
  5. ^ Michel Brousse, Les racines du judo français. Histoire d'une culture sportive, Presses Universitaires de Bordeaux, n° 401, 2005 — ISBN| 2-867-81368-9
  6. ^ http://www.atemi-jujitsu.org/eajj/
  7. ^ [2]

Bibliography

  • 'Judo : progression officielle française' by Bernard Pariset, published in 1969 and 1984 in French
  • 'Judo - Formes de projections, Nage No Kata' by Bernard Pariset, published in 1970 in French
  • 'Jiu-Jitsu moderne par l'image : self-défense judo d'après la progression officielle française' by Bernard Pariset, published in 1972 in French
  • 'Nage no Kata; formes de projections' by Bernard Pariset, published in 1970 in French
  • 'Atemi Ju-Jitsu moderne : self défense - progression officielle française' par ceintures by Bernard Pariset, published in 1982 in French
  • 'Atemi Ju-Jitsu : les 16 techniques et le Goshin-Jitsu' by Bernard Pariset, published in 1991 in French
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