Eleotridae
- "Sleeper (fish)" redirects here. For the freshwater sleeper cichlids, see Nimbochromis.
- "Sleeper goby" redirects here. This can also refer to the genus Valenciennea of the true goby family (Gobiidae).
Eleotridae | |
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Mogurnda adspersa | |
Scientific classification | |
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Family: | Eleotridae Regan, 1911
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Genera | |
~35, see text |
Sleeper gobies are members of the Eleotridae fish family, found predominantly in the tropical Indo-Pacific. There are approximately 35 genera and 150 species. While many eleotrids pass through a planktonic stage in the sea and some spend their entire lives in the sea, as adults the majority live in freshwater streams and brackish waters. A few species (e.g., Milyeringa, Typhleotris and some Bostrychus) are troglobitic. They are especially important as predators in the freshwater stream ecosystems on oceanic islands such as New Zealand and Hawai'i that otherwise lack the predatory fish families typical of nearby continents, such as catfish. Anatomically they are similar to the gobies (Gobiidae), though unlike the majority of gobies, they do not have a pelvic sucker.[1]
Like the true gobies they are generally small fish that live on the substrate, often amongst vegetation, in burrows, or in crevices within rocks and coral reefs. Although goby-like in many ways, sleeper gobies lack the pelvic fin sucker, and that, together with other morphological differences, is used to distinguish the two families. It is widely believed that the Gobiidae and Eleotridae share a common ancestor, and they are both placed in the suborder Gobioidei, along with a few other small families containing goby-like fishes.[1]
Dormitator and Eleotris are two of the most widespread and typical genera, including a variety of species that inhabit marine, estuarine, and freshwater habitats. For example, the fat sleeper goby (Dormitator maculatus) grows to over 1 ft (30 cm) and is widely found in fresh to brackish and shallow marine waters of the southeastern United States and Mexico.[2] There are some predatory sleeper gobies that get much bigger, such as the marbled sleeper goby, Oxyeleotris marmorata, a freshwater species from Southeast Asia that can grow to 2 ft (60 cm) long.[3] However, most are much smaller, such as the fresh and brackish water species from Australia like Hypseleotris spp., known locally as gudgeons (not to be confused with the Eurasian freshwater cyprinid Gobio gobio, also known as the gudgeon and after which the Australian sleeper gobies were likely named).[4]
Species
Eleotridae is divided into two subfamilies, Eleotrinae and Butinae. It includes the following species:[5]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Belobranchus_belobranchus_%28Valenciennes_1837%29_by_P._Bravo.jpg/220px-Belobranchus_belobranchus_%28Valenciennes_1837%29_by_P._Bravo.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Chinese_black_sleeper%2C_Bostrychus_sinensis_Lacep%C3%A8de_1801_by_P._Bravo.jpg/220px-Chinese_black_sleeper%2C_Bostrychus_sinensis_Lacep%C3%A8de_1801_by_P._Bravo.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Crazy_fish%2C_Butis_butis_%28Hamilton%2C_1822%29_by_M._L._Nievera.jpg/220px-Crazy_fish%2C_Butis_butis_%28Hamilton%2C_1822%29_by_M._L._Nievera.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Butis_koilomatodon_%28Bleeker%2C_1849%29_by_M._L._Nievera.jpg/220px-Butis_koilomatodon_%28Bleeker%2C_1849%29_by_M._L._Nievera.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Odonteleotris_polylepis_%28Herre%2C_1927%29_by_M._L._Nievera.jpg/220px-Odonteleotris_polylepis_%28Herre%2C_1927%29_by_M._L._Nievera.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Parviparma_straminea_Herre_1927_by_P._Bravo.jpg/220px-Parviparma_straminea_Herre_1927_by_P._Bravo.jpg)
- Subfamily Butinae
- Genus Bostrychus
- Bostrychus africanus (Steindachner, 1879)
- Bostrychus aruensis Weber, 1911, Island gudgeon
- Bostrychus microphthalmus Hoese & Kottelat, 2005
- Bostrychus sinensis Lacepède, 1801, Four-eyed sleeper
- Bostrychus strigogenys Nichols, 1937, Striped-cheek gudgeon
- Bostrychus zonatus Weber, 1907, Barred gudgeon
- Genus Butis
- Butis amboinensis (Bleeker, 1853), Olive flathead-gudgeon
- Butis butis (Hamilton, 1822), Crazy fish
- Butis gymnopomus (Bleeker, 1853)
- Butis humeralis (Valenciennes, 1837)
- Butis koilomatodon (Bleeker, 1849), Mud sleeper
- Butis melanostigma (Bleeker, 1849), Black-spotted gudgeon
- Genus Incara
- Incara multisquamatus Rao, 1871
- Genus Kribia
- Kribia kribensis (Boulenger, 1907)
- Kribia leonensis (Boulenger, 1916)
- Kribia nana (Boulenger, 1901)
- Kribia uellensis (Boulenger, 1913)
- Genus Milyeringa
- Milyeringa brooksi Chakrabarty, 2010
- Milyeringa veritas Whitley, 1945, Blind gudgeon
- Genus Odonteleotris
- Odonteleotris canina Bleeker, 1849
- Odonteleotris macrodon Bleeker, 1854
- Odonteleotris polylepis (Herre, 1927)
- Genus Oxyeleotris
- Oxyeleotris altipinna Allen & Renyaan, 1996
- Oxyeleotris aruensis (Weber, 1911), Aru gudgeon
- Oxyeleotris caeca Allen, 1996
- Oxyeleotris expatria (Herre, 1927)
- Oxyeleotris fimbriata (Weber, 1907), Fimbriate gudgeon
- Oxyeleotris herwerdenii (Weber, 1910), Blackbanded gauvina
- Oxyeleotris heterodon (Weber, 1907), Sentani gudgeon
- Oxyeleotris lineolata (Steindachner, 1867), Sleepy cod
- Oxyeleotris marmorata (Bleeker, 1852), Marble goby
- Oxyeleotris nullipora Roberts, 1978, Poreless gudgeon
- Oxyeleotris paucipora Roberts, 1978, Fewpored gudgeon
- Oxyeleotris selheimi (Macleay, 1884), Giant gudgeon
- Oxyeleotris siamensis (Günther, 1861)
- Oxyeleotris urophthalmoides (Bleeker, 1853)
- Oxyeleotris urophthalmus (Bleeker, 1851)
- Oxyeleotris wisselensis Allen & Boeseman, 1982, Paniai gudgeon
- Genus Parviparma
- Parviparma straminea Herre, 1927
- Genus Pogoneleotris
- Pogoneleotris heterolepis (Günther, 1869)
- Genus Typhleotris
- Typhleotris madagascariensis Petit, 1933
- Typhleotris pauliani Arnoult, 1959
- Genus Bostrychus
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Dusky_sleeper%2C_Eleotris_fusca_%28Forster%2C_1801%29_by_P._Bravo.jpg/220px-Dusky_sleeper%2C_Eleotris_fusca_%28Forster%2C_1801%29_by_P._Bravo.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Hypseleotris_pangel_Herre_1927_by_M._L._Nievera.jpg/220px-Hypseleotris_pangel_Herre_1927_by_M._L._Nievera.jpg)
- Subfamily Eleotrinae
- Genus Belobranchus
- Genus Bunaka
- Bunaka gyrinoides (Bleeker, 1853), Greenback gauvina
- Bunaka pinguis Herre, 1927
- Genus Calumia
- Calumia godeffroyi (Günther, 1877), Tailface sleeper
- Calumia profunda Larson & Hoese, 1980
- Genus Dormitator
- Dormitator cubanus Ginsburg, 1953
- Dormitator latifrons (Richardson, 1844), Pacific fat sleeper
- Dormitator lebretonis (Steindachner, 1870)
- Dormitator lophocephalus Hoedeman, 1951
- Dormitator maculatus (Bloch, 1792), Fat sleeper
- Dormitator pleurops (Boulenger, 1909)
- Genus Eleotris
- Eleotris acanthopoma Bleeker, 1853
- Eleotris amblyopsis (Cope, 1871), Large-scaled spinycheek sleeper
- Eleotris andamensis Herre, 1939
- Eleotris annobonensis Blanc, Cadenat & Stauch, 1968
- Eleotris aquadulcis Allen & Coates, 1990, Freshwater gudgeon
- Eleotris balia Jordan & Seale, 1905
- Eleotris brachyurus Bleeker, 1849
- Eleotris daganensis Steindachner, 1870
- Eleotris fasciatus Chen, 1964
- Eleotris feai Thys van den Audenaerde & Tortonese, 1974
- Eleotris fusca (Forster, 1801), Dusky sleeper
- Eleotris lutea Day, 1876, Lutea sleeper
- Eleotris macrocephala (Bleeker, 1857)
- Eleotris macrolepis (Bleeker, 1875)
- Eleotris margaritacea Valenciennes, 1837
- Eleotris mauritianus Bennett, 1832, Widehead sleeper
- Eleotris melanosoma Bleeker, 1852, Broadhead sleeper
- Eleotris melanura Bleeker, 1849
- Eleotris oxycephala Temminck & Schlegel, 1845
- Eleotris pellegrini Maugé, 1984
- Eleotris perniger (Cope, 1871), Smallscaled spinycheek sleeper
- Eleotris picta Kner, 1863, Spotted sleeper
- Eleotris pisonis (Gmelin, 1789), Spinycheek sleeper
- Eleotris pseudacanthopomus Bleeker, 1853
- Eleotris sandwicensis Vaillant & Sauvage, 1875, Sandwich Island sleeper or oopu
- Eleotris senegalensis Steindachner, 1870
- Eleotris soaresi Playfair, 1867
- Eleotris tecta Bussing, 1996
- Eleotris tubularis Heller & Snodgrass, 1903
- Eleotris vittata Duméril, 1861
- Eleotris vomerodentata Maugé, 1984
- Genus Erotelis
- Erotelis armiger Jordan & Richardson, 1895
- Erotelis shropshirei Hildebrand, 1938
- Erotelis smaragdus Valenciennes, 1837, Emerald sleeper
- Genus Gobiomorphus
- Gobiomorphus alpinus Stokell, 1962, Tarndale bully
- Gobiomorphus australis (Krefft, 1864), Striped gudgeon
- Gobiomorphus basalis (Gray, 1842), Cran's bully
- Gobiomorphus breviceps (Stokell, 1939), Upland bully
- Gobiomorphus cotidianus McDowall, 1975, Common bully
- Gobiomorphus coxii (Krefft, 1864), Cox's gudgeon
- Gobiomorphus gobioides (Valenciennes, 1837), Giant bully
- Gobiomorphus hubbsi (Stokell, 1959), Bluegilled bully
- Gobiomorphus huttoni (Ogilby, 1894), Redfinned bully
- Genus Gobiomorus
- Gobiomorus dormitor Lacepède, 1800, Bigmouth sleeper
- Gobiomorus lateralis (Gill, 1860)
- Gobiomorus maculatus (Günther, 1859), Pacific sleeper
- Gobiomorus polylepis Ginsburg, 1953, Finescale sleeper
- Genus Grahamichthys
- Genus Guavina
- Guavina guavina (Valenciennes, 1837), Guavina
- Guavina micropus Ginsburg, 1953
- Genus Hemieleotris
- Hemieleotris latifasciata (Meek & Hildebrand, 1912), Pygmy sleeper
- Hemieleotris levis Eigenmann, 1918
- Genus Hypseleotris
- Hypseleotris agilis Herre, 1927
- Hypseleotris aurea (Shipway, 1950), Golden gudgeon
- Hypseleotris bipartita Herre, 1927
- Hypseleotris compressa (Krefft, 1864), Empire gudgeon
- Hypseleotris compressocephalus (Chen, 1985)
- Hypseleotris cyprinoides (Valenciennes, 1837), Tropical carp-gudgeon
- Hypseleotris dayi Smith, 1950, Golden sleeper
- Hypseleotris ejuncida Hoese & Allen, 1982, Slender gudgeon
- Hypseleotris everetti (Boulenger, 1895)
- Hypseleotris galii (Ogilby, 1898), Firetailed gudgeon
- Hypseleotris guentheri (Bleeker, 1875)
- Hypseleotris kimberleyensis Hoese & Allen, 1982, Barnett River gudgeon
- Hypseleotris klunzingeri (Ogilby, 1898), Western carp gudgeon
- Hypseleotris leuciscus (Bleeker, 1853)
- Hypseleotris pangel Herre, 1927
- Hypseleotris regalis Hoese & Allen, 1982, Prince Regent gudgeon
- Hypseleotris tohizonae (Steindachner, 1880)
- Genus Kimberleyeleotris
- Kimberleyeleotris hutchinsi Hoese & Allen, 1987, Mitchell gudgeon
- Kimberleyeleotris notata Hoese & Allen, 1987, Drysdale gudgeon
- Genus Leptophilypnus
- Leptophilypnus fluviatilis Meek & Hildebrand, 1916
- Leptophilypnus guatemalensis Thacker & Pezold, 2006.[6]
- Leptophilypnus mindii (Meek & Hildebrand, 1916)
- Genus Microphilypnus
- Microphilypnus amazonicus Myers, 1927
- Microphilypnus macrostoma Myers, 1927
- Microphilypnus ternetzi Myers, 1927
- Genus Mogurnda
- Mogurnda adspersa (Castelnau, 1878), Purple-spotted gudgeon
- Mogurnda aiwasoensis Allen & Renyaan, 1996
- Mogurnda aurifodinae Whitley, 1938, Northern mogurnda
- Mogurnda cingulata Allen & Hoese, 1991, Banded mogurnda
- Mogurnda clivicola Allen & Jenkins, 1999, Flinders ranges mogurnda
- Mogurnda furva Allen & Hoese, 1986, Black mogurnda
- Mogurnda kaifayama Allen & Jenkins, 1999
- Mogurnda kutubuensis Allen & Hoese, 1986, Lake Kutubu mogurnda
- Mogurnda larapintae (Zietz, 1896), Desert mogurnda
- Mogurnda lineata Allen & Hoese, 1991, Kokoda mogurnda
- Mogurnda maccuneae Jenkins, Buston & Allen, 2000
- Mogurnda magna Allen & Renyaan, 1996
- Mogurnda malsmithi Allen & Jebb, 1993
- Mogurnda mbuta Allen & Jenkins, 1999
- Mogurnda mogurnda (Richardson, 1844), Northern trout gudgeon
- Mogurnda mosa Jenkins, Buston & Allen, 2000
- Mogurnda nesolepis (Weber, 1907), Yellowbelly gudgeon
- Mogurnda oligolepis Allen & Jenkins, 1999, Kimberley mogurnda
- Mogurnda orientalis Allen & Hoese, 1991, Eastern mogurnda
- Mogurnda pardalis Allen & Renyaan, 1996
- Mogurnda pulchra Horsthemke & Staeck, 1990, Moresby mogurnda
- Mogurnda spilota Allen & Hoese, 1986, Blotched mogurnda
- Mogurnda thermophila Allen & Jenkins, 1999, Dalhousie mogurnda
- Mogurnda variegata Nichols, 1951, Variegated mogurnda
- Mogurnda vitta Allen & Hoese, 1986, Striped mogurnda
- Mogurnda wapoga Allen, Jenkins & Renyaan, 1999
- Genus Ophieleotris
- Ophieleotris aporos (Bleeker, 1854), Snakehead gudgeon
- Genus Ophiocara
- Ophiocara macrolepidota (Bloch, 1792)
- Ophiocara porocephala (Valenciennes, 1837), Northern mud gudgeon
- Genus Philypnodon
- Philypnodon grandiceps (Krefft, 1864), Flathead gudgeon
- Philypnodon macrostomus Hoese & Reader, 2006.[7]
- Genus Philypnus
- Philypnus macrolepis Wu & Ni, 1986
- Genus Prionobutis
- Prionobutis dasyrhynchus (Günther, 1868)
- Prionobutis microps (Weber, 1907), Small-eyed loter
- Genus Ratsirakia
- Ratsirakia legendrei (Pellegrin, 1919)
- Genus Tateurndina
- Tateurndina ocellicauda Nichols, 1955
- Genus Thalasseleotris
- Thalasseleotris adela Hoese & Larson, 1987, Marine gudgeon
See also
References
- ^ a b Helfman G., Collette B., & Facey D.: The Diversity of Fishes, Blackwell Publishing, p 264, 1997, ISBN 978-0-86542-256-8
- ^ Hoedeman, J.: Naturalist's Guide to Freshwater Aquarium Fish, Elsevier, pp 1096-1099, 1974, ISBN 978-0-8069-3722-9
- ^ Riehl R. & Baensch H: Aquarium Atlas (vol. 1), p. 832, Voyageur Press, 1996, ISBN 978-3-88244-050-8
- ^ Riehl R. & Baensch H: Aquarium Atlas (vol. 2), pp 1063-1073, Microcosm Ltd, 1997, ISBN 978-1-890087-06-7
- ^ "Eleotridae". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved January 7, 2012.
- ^ Thacker & Pezold; Pezold, Frank; Suttkus, Royal D.; Buth, D. (2006). Buth, D. (ed.). "Redescription of the dwarf Neotropical eleotrid genus Leptophilypnus (Teleostei: Gobioidei), including a new species and comments on Microphilypnus". Copeia. 2006 (3): 494ff. doi:10.1643/0045-8511(2006)2006[489:ROTDNE]2.0.CO;2.
- ^ Hoese & Reader (2006). "Description of a new species of dwarf Philypnodon (Teleostei: Gobioidei: Eleotridae) from south-eastern Australia" (PDF). Memoirs of Museum Victoria. 63 (1): 15–19. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-30.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Eleotridae" in FishBase. March 2006 version.