Balkan tambura
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| This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. (February 2013) |
| String instrument | |
|---|---|
| Classification | Plucked string instrument |
| Hornbostel–Sachs classification | 321.322 |
| Developed | Bulgaria and Macedonia |
The Tambura is a stringed instrument that is played as a folk instrument in Macedonia and Bulgaria. They have doubled steel strings and are played with a plectrum, in the same manner as a mandolin.
The Bulgarian Tambura
The Bulgarian Tambura has 8 steel strings in 4 doubled courses. All the courses are tuned in unison, with no octaves. It is tuned D3 D3, G3 G3, B3 B3, E4 E4. It has a floating bridge and a metal tailpeice. The instrument body is often carved from a single block of wood and is therefor quite heavy.
The Macedonian Tambura
The Macedonian Tambura has 4 steel strings in 2 doubled courses. It is tuned D D, A A or another pitch but at the same relative intervals of a fifth. Sometimes octave strings are used on the lower course. It has a floating bridge and a metal tailpeice. The instrument body is more often made from staves like a lute.
Playing Technique
It is played with a plectrum, playing short tones which are plucked from the top down, while playing long tones with fast tremolo. For solo playing or to accompany a singer, they are played in the traditional manner, which is to play a melody on the highest course whilst using the other course or courses as a drone. The more modern way, which is more used in orchestras or other groups, is is play single line melodies using all courses.
Form
Both varieties of Tambura have a long, narrow neck with 18 or 20 frets. The frets are nowadays always arranged in the normal Western 12 note scale, although in the past the Farkas system was also used. The Bulgarian Tamboura's body is rather shallow and flat, whereas the Macedonia Tambura has a much more rounded, bowl-like body.
See Also
- Instruments of the Tamburica orchestras.
- The mandolin family.
- The bouzouki.
- Other instruments sometimes called Tambura.