Mount Carmel Center
| Mount Carmel Center | |
|---|---|
 The Mount Carmel Center in April 1993. | |
  Location of the Mount Carmel Center in Texas | |
| Alternative names | Branch Davidian compound |
| General information | |
| Status | Destroyed |
| Town or city | McLennan County, Texas |
| Country | United States of America |
| Destroyed | April 19, 1993 |
Mount Carmel Center was the name of the Branch Davidian home outside of Waco, Texas, United States, led by Benjamin Roden and later David Koresh. Named after the Biblical mountain in northern Israel, it was here that the Waco siege of 1993 occurred, in which four ATF agents and 83 Branch Davidians were killed.[1]
Etymology
Some news reports about the siege referred to it as the "Branch Davidian compound". The name derives from a particular verse from the Bible, on which the Branch Davidians base their beliefs:
Notwithstanding the land shall be desolate because of them that dwell therein, for the fruit of their doings. Feed thy people with thy rod, the flock of thine heritage, which dwell solitarily in the wood, in the midst of Carmel: let them feed in Bashan and Gilead, as in the days of old.
— Micah 7:14
History
In 1935, Davidian founder Victor Houteff established his headquarters near Lake Waco, west of the town. After Houteff's death, and according to his wishes, his widow Florence began selling off parcels of the land, as the neighboring city of Waco began to expand around the edges of the Mount Carmel Community.[2] In 1957, she sold off the last of the property, and bought a 941-acre (3.81 km2) property in the countryside northeast of Waco, christened New Mt. Carmel.[3] Today, Waco's Mt. Carmel Drive runs through the Old Mt. Carmel area, and nearby Charboneau and Hermanson Drives are named after key Davidian families.
In 1962, Florence Houteff announced her intention to disband the Davidian organization, with the assets to be sold off and the proceeds disbursed among her Executive Council. This arrangement was opposed by many members. Most of the New Mt. Carmel property ended up in the hands of the EE Ranch, but the Branch Davidians retained a core 77 acres (310,000 m2) around the administrative building.
The fragmentation of Mount Carmel caused a schism in the already permanently splintered Davidian Seventh Day Adventist Movement. Some post-Carmel Davidian groups have also named their headquarters Mount Carmel Center and seek to carry on its past traditions. Davidians based in Salem, South Carolina use the name, as well as a group that broke away from them, in Mountaindale, New York. Some of the Mountaindale Davidians came to believe that Victor Houteff never wanted to abandon Old Mt. Carmel, and in the early 1990s moved back to Waco. They established themselves in a building on Mt. Carmel Drive, constructed by Houteff's Davidians. They are across the street from the Vanguard School, a prep school whose buildings were also originally built by the Davidians. Other Davidian groups believe that Mount Carmel represented a doctrinal era in the Davidian Seventh Day Adventist Movement, an era which is now past.
In 1998, three buildings at the former Branch Davidian compound were destroyed in a suspicious fire. They were the home of Amo Bishop Roden, wife of former Branch Davidian leader George Roden, and two museums she used to record the group's history.[4] It is important to note that there have been various sects and generations of communities that have resided on and/or used the property east of Waco on Double EE Ranch Road. Not all groups or individuals within these groups share the same religious theology or approach to spirituality.[5] Efforts to memorialize the events of 1993 on the property have been altered over the years since 1993.[6]
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Remnants of bus and bathtub in ruins at center in June 1997 -
The entrance to the Mount Carmel Center in June 1997. -
Trailer serves as "office" for center in June 1997 -
The entrance in May 1995
References
- ^ Verhovek, Sam (July 09, 1995). "No Martyrs in Waco". The New York Times. Retrieved 5 July 2009.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ Victor Houteff (September 1, 1954). "Symbolic Code Vol. 10, No.1" (PDF). The Universal Publishing Assn. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
- ^ Pitts, William L. "Davidians and Branch Davidians". Handbook of Texas - Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved November 25, 2012.
- ^ "Fires Strike Waco Site". The New York Times. January 5, 1997. Retrieved 5 July 2009.
- ^ Wittmer, Matthew D. "Memorializing Mount Carmel Center East of Waco, Texas - Chart A" (PDF). Stormbound.org - Matthew D. Wittmer. Retrieved 5 July 2009.
- ^ Wittmer, Matthew D. "Memorializing Mount Carmel Center East of Waco, Texas". Stormbound.org - Matthew D. Wittmer. Retrieved 5 July 2009.