Cinven
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Cinven is a European private equity firm founded in 1977 with offices in London, Paris, Frankfurt and Milan. The Third Fund, which closed in 2002, raised €4.4bn. Cinven is solely focused on European acquisitions and buyouts, with investment coming from over 100 institutional investors from 19 countries.
United Biscuits is owned as a joint venture with Kraft. Cinven also owns a share of Gala, the bingo and casino operator, as part of a joint venture with Candover and Permira.
See also: Springer Science+Business Media - publishing company in New York based in Berlin and Heidelberg, Germany.