Vedanga Jyotisha
The Vedāṅga Jyotiṣa, or Jyotiṣavedāṅga (Devanagari वेदाङ्ग ज्योतिष) is the earliest known Indian text on astronomy and astrology (Jyotisha).
It was composed by Lagadha[1][2][3][4][5][6] after 700 BCE,[7] according to Michael Witzel around 500/400 BCE.[8] Earlier datings give 1400-1200 BCE (with the extant form possibly from 700-600 BCE).[9]
The text is foundational to Jyotisha, one of the six Vedanga disciplines.[10] It's description of the winter solistice is correct for ca. 1400 BCE, but not for the time of its composition.[7] This may be due to the incorporation of late Harappan astronomical knowldge into the Vedic fold.[7]
Editions
- Yajus recension, Rk variants and commentary of Somākara Śeṣanāga, edited: Albrecht Weber, Über den Vedakalender Namens Jyotisham, Berlin 1862
- Yajus recension, non-Yajus verses of Rk recension, edited: G. Thibaut, "Contributions to the Explanation of the Jyotisha-Vedánga", Journal of the Asiatic Society Bengal Vol 46 (1877), p. 411-437
- Hindi translation: Girja Shankar Shashtri, Jyotisha Karmkanda and Adhyatma Shodh Sansthan, 455 Vasuki Khurd, Daraganj, Allahabad-6.
- Sanskrit Commentary with Hindi Translation: Vedā̄ṅgajyotiṣam: Yajurvedināṃ paramparayāgatam vistr̥tasaṃskr̥tabhūmikayā. On Vedic astrology and astronomy; critical edited text with Hindi and Sanskrit commentaries. By Lagadha, Ācārya-Śivarāja Kauṇḍinnyāyana, SammodavardhanaKauṇḍinnyāyana, Somākara[11]
References
- ^ Debiprasad Chattopadhyaya, History of Science and Technology in Ancient India, Firma K.L Mukhopadhyaya (1986), pp. 486-494
- ^ Satya Prakash, Founders of Sciences in Ancient India (part II), Vijay Kumar (1989), p.471
- ^ B.S. Yadav & Man Mohan, Ancient Indian Leaps into Mathematics, Birkhäuser (2011), p.78
- ^ M. I. Mikhailov & N. S. Mikhailov, Key to the Vedas, Minsk-Vilnius (2005), p.105
- ^ Sures Chandra Banerji, A Companion to Sanskrit Literature, Motilal Banarsidass (1989), p. 59
- ^ Helaine Selin, Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures, Kluwer Academic Publishers (1997), p.977
- ^ a b c Chakraverti 2007, p. 33.
- ^ Michael Witzel, "Autochthonous Aryans? The Evidence from Old Indian and Iranian Texts"[full citation needed]
- ^ Subbarayappa, B. V. (14 September 1989). "Indian astronomy: An historical perspective". In Biswas, S. K.; Mallik, D. C. V.; Vishveshwara, C. V. (ed.). Cosmic Perspectives. Cambridge University Press. pp. 25–40. ISBN 978-0-521-34354-1.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link) - ^ Hart Defouw. Light on Life: An Introduction to the Astrology of India. Penguin.
- ^ http://books.google.co.in/books?id=SDmSGwAACAAJ
Sources
- Chakraverti, Santanu (2007), Science in History. In: Jyoti Bhusan Das Gupta (ed.), "Science, Technology, Imperialism, and War", Pearson Education India