Talk:HM Prison Liverpool

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Panopticon reference

I've removed a reference to the jail being built on principles of the Panopticon. The reference cited (no.1 / capitalpunishmentuk) seems confused - it refers to a 'radial' panopticon, when panopticons were based on a circular / domed structure (with a single viewing point in the centre, surrounded by a single, circular wall of cells. All of which could be fully observed from the centre).

The radial design is drawn from US prisons - particularly the Philadelphia / separate system (as first embodied in Pentonville in the UK).

Excuse my scatty referencing - but Michael Ignatieff (1978) A Just Measure of Pain, p.182: "By 1830, the reports of the Boston Prison Discipline Society and the travelogues of English visitors like Captain Basil hall had made English authorities familiar with the Haviland design for the Philadelphia penitentiary. Instead of ranging the cells around the periphery of a circular tower, as at Millbank, Haviland devised the cell block, three tiers of cells ranged around three sides of a huge open corridor. These blocks radiated from a central inspection point, offering clear lines of sight throughout the building. The design for Pentonville drew heavily on the Philadelphia model."

See also Keith Soothill (2007) 'Prison histories and competing audiences, 1776-1966,' in Y Jewkes (ed.) Handbook on Prisons, p.37: 'The architecture of Pentonville was heavily based on the design for the Philadelphia penitentiary, where the cell blocks radiated from a central inspection point, offering clear lines of observation throughout the building.'