Frances M. Beal
Frances M. Beal | |
|---|---|
| Born | January 13, 1940 Binghamton, New York, U.S. |
| Occupation | activist |
Frances M. Beal (born January 13, 1940 Binghamton, New York) is a Black feminist and a peace and justice political activist.[1]
Life and career
Beal was born in Binghamton, NY to Charlotte Berman Yates and Ernest Yates.[2] Her mother's Russian Jewish immigrant background and father's African American and Native American ancestry, along with their experiences with antisemitism and racism, inspired her later work as an activist.[2][3]
After her father's death, she moved to St. Albans, an integrated neighborhood in Queens.
In 1958, she began work in political activism with the NAACP.[3] She married James Beal; they had two children. They lived in France, from 1959 to 1966, as she attended the Sorbonne.
In 1968, she co-founded the Black Women's Liberation Committee of SNCC.
She wrote "Double Jeopardy: To Be Black and Female" in 1969.[4] That pamphlet was later revised and then published in The Black Woman, an anthology edited by Toni Cade Bambara in 1970. A revised version of "Double Jeopardy: To Be Black and Female" also appears in the 1970 anthology Sisterhood is Powerful: An Anthology of Writings From The Women's Liberation Movement, edited by Robin Morgan.[5][6] Beal later moved to California, and she was an associate editor of The Black Scholar and wrote for the San Francisco Bay View.
Beal now lives in Oakland.[1][7]
Works
- "Black Women's Manifesto; Double Jeopardy: To Be Black and Female"
- "Frederick Douglass’ Legacy for Our Times"
References
- ^ a b "Cengage Learning". Accessmylibrary.com. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
- ^ a b Beal, Frances (March 18, 2005). "Voices of Feminism Oral History Project" (PDF) (Interview). Interviewed by Loretta J. Ross.
{{cite interview}}: Unknown parameter|city=ignored (|location=suggested) (help); Unknown parameter|program=ignored (help) - ^ a b "Women's History Month 2012: Frances M. Beal". Social Justice For All. Retrieved 2016-02-24.
- ^ [1] Archived 2010-02-26 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Frances M. Beal, Black Women's Manifesto; Double Jeopardy: To Be Black and Female". Hartford-hwp.com. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
- ^ "Sisterhood is powerful : an anthology of writings from the women's liberation movement (Book, 1970)". [WorldCat.org]. Retrieved 2015-05-08.
- ^ "Veterans of the Civil Rights Movement — Frances M. Beal". Crmvet.org. Retrieved 2015-10-16.