Nyenschantz
Nyen or Nyenschantz (Finnish: Nevanlinna, Russian: Ниеншанц, although generally known in the 17th century as Канцы) was a Swedish fortress built in 1611 at the mouth of the Neva river in Swedish Ingria.
"Nyen" was properly Swedish for the Neva river, and officially the fortress was always known as Nyenskans, even though the concepts were in flux in common parlance. Near the fortress of Nyenskans a town, Nyen, soon developed which was granted town privilegies in 1642. An important Swedish emporium, it was burned down in 1702 in order not to become a threat to the fortress in case of a Russian invasion.
On May 1 1703, during the Ingrian campaign of the Great Northern War, the fortress of Nyenskans was taken by Peter the Great and renamed Schlotburg ("Lock-town", corresponding to Schlüsselburg, "Key-town", at the other end of the Neva river). The last Swedish commandant of Nyenskans was colonel Johan Apolloff (preceded by colonel Alexander Pereswetoff-Morath).
Having fallen in Russian hands the fortress functioned only for some weeks, and very soon the tsar founded the fortress and city of Saint Petersburg near the site. Nothing remains of Nyen above ground (with the land being used for industrial development), but on June 15, 2000 a monument was opened on the site of the fortress, at the mouth of the Okhta river to a design by V. A. Reppo.