Chang (monster)
The chang (simplified Chinese: 伥; traditional Chinese: 倀) is a kind of ghost in ancient Chinese legend. According to the legends, people devoured by tigers turn into ghosts, who then help tigers devour other people. The idioms "simplified Chinese: 为虎作伥; traditional Chinese: 為虎作倀" (to play the jackal to the tiger; that is, to help a villain do evil) and "simplified Chinese: 狼无狈不行，虎无伥不噬; traditional Chinese: 狼無狽不行，虎無倀不噬" (wolves can't go without bei‘’, tigers can't bite without chang; that is, without the help of others, villains can only do so much) arise from this.
It is described in the "Ma Zheng" chapter of the "Legend" quoted by Tang Peizheng in the Song Dynasty "Taiping Guang Ji".[1]
Cantonese describes the chang as a wicked woman in the shape of a chicken; it is said that this allusion originated from Liu Jian.
- ^ http://www.cgcfd.com.cn/jqjd_Show.asp?ArticleID=35—Ghost City Fengdu—Hometown of Chinese Divine Comedy