Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation/VerifiedDataSandbox and Pramiracetam: Difference between pages

{{short description|Chemical compound}}

| Watchedfields = changed

| verifiedrevid = 477172019

| IUPAC_name = ''N''-[2-(Diisopropylamino)ethyl]-2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide

| tradename = Pramistar

| legal_AU = S4

| legal_US = Not FDA approved

| elimination_half-life =

| excretion =

| CAS_number = 68497-62-1

'''Pramiracetam''' is a [[nootropic]] agent belonging to the [[racetam]] family of drugs. It is marketed by [[Menarini]] under the brand name '''Pramistar''' as a treatment for memory and attention deficits in aging people with neurodegenerative and vascular dementias in Italy and some Eastern European countries.<ref>AIFA [https://farmaci.agenziafarmaco.gov.it/bancadatifarmaci/farmaco?farmaco=028021 Pramistar authorizations in the Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco Database] Page accessed August 2, 2015. [https://farmaci.agenziafarmaco.gov.it/aifa/servlet/PdfDownloadServlet?pdfFileName=footer_000211_028021_FI.pdf&retry=0&sys=m0b1l3 Italian Label], linked from that site]</ref><ref>Drugs.com [https://www.drugs.com/international/pramiracetam.html Drugs.com International listings for pramiracetam] Page accessed August 2, 2015</ref><ref>Italian marketing authorization for the brand name Remen has been revoked per the [https://farmaci.agenziafarmaco.gov.it/bancadatifarmaci/farmaco?farmaco=027908 AIFA database], as has the marketing authorization for the brand name Neupramir, per the [https://farmaci.agenziafarmaco.gov.it/bancadatifarmaci/farmaco?farmaco=028029 AIFA database], each checked on August 2, 2015. Main page at AIFA for pramiracetam is [https://farmaci.agenziafarmaco.gov.it/bancadatifarmaci/cerca-per-principio-attivo?princ_att=Pramiracetam here]</ref>

Pramiracetam was discovered by scientists at [[Parke-Davis]], at that time a division of [[Warner-Lambert]], in the late 1970s; patents expired in 1996. Warner-Lambert conducted clinical trials in Alzheimer's Disease and abandoned that indication after Phase II trials showed mixed results; it then began to develop it as an [[orphan drug]] as an adjunct to [[electroconvulsive therapy]] for [[major depressive disorder]], in part to take advantage of the administrative exclusivity provided by the orphan status. It licensed European rights to [[Menarini]] which continued developing it for dementias, and in 1991 it licensed US and other non-European rights to Cambridge Neuroscience, Inc, (CNI) which pursued the ECT indication, as well as a use in restoring cognitive function after stroke or [[traumatic brain injury]].<ref name=Pink>Staff, The Pink Sheet. May 27, 1991 [https://www.pharmamedtechbi.com/publications/the-pink-sheet/53/021/cambridge-neuroscience-developing-warnerlamberts-pramiracetam Cambridge Neuroscience Developing Warner-Lambert's Pramiracetam]</ref> CNI obtained the orphan designation for the ECT use from the FDA in 1991, which was later withdrawn when CNI abandoned the drug.<ref>FDA [http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/opdlisting/oopd/OOPD_Results_2.cfm?Index_Number=061691 Orphan Drug Designations and Approvals Database] Page accessed August 2, 2015</ref>

CNI conducted a [[clinical trial]] in four people who had cognitive problems following a head injury. Trials conducted by or on behalf of Menarini and Warner-Lambert included two small trials conducted in [[Ukraine]], one in people with [[cerebrovascular disease]] and another in people with [[concussion]]. Another small trial was performed in Italy, on healthy people in whom amnesia was induced with [[Hyoscine hydrobromide|scopolamine]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Malykh AG, Sadaie MR | title = Piracetam and piracetam-like drugs: from basic science to novel clinical applications to CNS disorders | journal = Drugs | volume = 70 | issue = 3 | pages = 287–312 | date = February 2010 | pmid = 20166767 | doi = 10.2165/11319230-000000000-00000 }}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[Piracetam]]

== References ==

{{Reflist|2}}

{{Racetams}}

{{Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators}}

[[Category:Racetams]]

[[Category:AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulators]]

[[Category:Acetamides]]

[[Category:Diisopropylamino compounds]]