Rhenium pentachloride: Difference between revisions

| verifiedrevid = 394346571

| ImageFile =ReCl5structure.png

| IUPACName = Rhenium pentachloride

| OtherNames = Rhenium(V) chloride, Rhenium chloride, pentachlororhenium

| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers

| CASNo = 13596-35-5

| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties

| Formula = ReCl₅

| MolarMass = 363.471 g/mol

| Appearance = red-brown

| Density = 4.9 g/cm³, solid

| Solubility = Will react to decompose and release HCl (g)

| MeltingPt = 220 °C

| BoilingPt = N/A

| pKa =

| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure

| MolShape = Octahedral

| CrystalStruct = [[Monoclinic]], [[Pearson symbol|mP48]]; a = 0.924 nm, b = 1.154 nm, c = 1.203 nm, α = 90°, β = 109.1°, γ = 90° <ref name=s1/>

| SpaceGroup = P2₁/c, No. 14

| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards

| ExternalMSDS = [http://www.alfa.com/webapps/ec120w.pgm?itemnum=43294 MSDS]

| RSPhrases = [[List of R-phrases|R]]: 36, 37, 38

| MainHazards = releases HCl upon hydrolysis

| NFPA-H = 1 | NFPA-R = 0 | NFPA-O = <s>W</s> }}

| Section8 = {{Chembox Related

| OtherAnions = Rhenium hexafluoride

| Function = compounds

| OtherFunctn = [[Rhenium trichloride]], rhenium tetrachloride, rhenium hexachloride

'''Rhenium pentachloride''' is an [[inorganic compound]] of [[chlorine]] and [[rhenium]]. The compound has the formula Re₂Cl₁₀ but it is usually referred to as the pentachloride. It is a red-brown <!--diamagnetic??--> solid. It is the highest chloride of rhenium.

Rhenium pentachloride has a bioctahedral structure and can be formulated as Cl₄Re(μ-Cl)₂ReCl₄. The Re-Re distance is 3.74 Å.<ref name=s1>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1107/S0567740868003316 | title = The crystal structure of ReCl₅ | year = 1968 | author = Mucker, K. F. | journal = Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry | volume = 24 | pages = 874 | last2 = Smith | first2 = G. S. | last3 = Johnson | first3 = Q. | issue = 6}}</ref> The motif is similar to that seen for [[tantalum pentachloride]].

This compound was first prepared in 1933,<ref>{{cite journal | author = Geilmann, Wilhelm; Wrigge, Friedrich W.; [[Wilhelm Biltz|Biltz, Wilhelm]]. | title = Rheniumpentachlorid | language = German | journal = [[Z. anorg. allgem. Chem.]] | year = 1933 | volume = 214 | pages = 244 | doi = 10.1002/zaac.19332140304 | issue = 3}}</ref> a few years after the discovery of rhenium. The preparation involves [[chlorination]] of rhenium at temperatures up to 900 °C.<ref>Roger Lincoln, Geoffrey Wilkinson "Rhenium Pentachloride and Volatile Metal Chlorides by Direct Chlorination Using a Vertical-Tube Reactor" Inorganic Syntheses, 1980, Volume 20, Pages 41–43. {{DOI|10.1002/9780470132517.ch11}}.</ref> The material can be purified by sublimation.

Being formed by burning Re metal in chlorine, ReCl₅ is the most oxidized binary chloride of Re. With a d² configuration, ReCl₅ could conceivably be further chlorinated. Rhenium hexachloride (ReCl₆) is uncertain, but rhenium hexafluoride and heptafluorides are known.<ref>Stuart A. Macgregor and Klaus H. Moock "Stabilization of High Oxidation States in Transition Metals. 2.1 WCl6 Oxidizes [WF6]-, but Would PtCl6 Oxidize [PtF6]-? An Electrochemical and Computational Study of 5d Transition Metal Halides: [MF6]z versus [MCl6]z (M = Ta to Pt; z = 0, 1−, 2−)"

pp 3284–3292. {{DOI|10.1021/ic9605736}}</ref>

It degrades in air to a brown liquid.<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1039/J19700001617 | title = Some reactions of rhenium(V) chloride | year = 1970 | author = Edwards, D. A. | journal = Journal of the Chemical Society a Inorganic Physical Theoretical | pages = 1617 | last2 = Ward | first2 = R. T.}}</ref>

Although rhenium pentachloride has no commercial applications, it is of historic significance as one of the early catalysts for [[olefin metathesis]].<ref>Ring-opening polymerization of endo and exo-dicyclopentadiene and their 7,8-dihydro derivatives, Hamilton, J.G.; Ivin, K.J.; Rooney, J.J. ''Journal of Molecular Catalysis'' '''1986''' , 36, 115.</ref> Reduction gives [[rhenium trichloride]].

:ReCl₅ + 3 Cl₂O → ReO₃Cl + 5 Cl₂

[[nl:Renium(V)chloride]]

[[ja:塩化レニウム(V)]]