Battle of Mosul (1745): Difference between revisions
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#REDIRECT [[Battle_of_Kars_(1745)#Battle_near_Mosul]] {{R from merge}} |
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{{Afd-merge to|Battle of Kars (1745)|Battle of Mosul (1745)|24 April 2018}} |
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{{Infobox military conflict |
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|conflict=Ottoman-Persian War of 1743–1746 |
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| image= Mosul Eyalet, Ottoman Empire (1609).png |
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| image_size = 260 |
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|caption=The battle took place in the Eyalet of Mosul |
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|partof=the [[Ottoman-Persian War (1743-1746)]] within<br />[[Nader's Campaigns]] |
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|date=August 1745 |
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|place=[[Mosul Eyalet]] |
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|result=Decisive Persian victory<ref name="lockhart"/> |
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|territory= |
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|combatant1=[[File:Afsharid Imperial Standard (3 Stripes).svg|36px]] [[Afsharid dynasty|Persian Empire]] |
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|combatant2={{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[Ottoman Empire]] |
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|commander1=[[Morteza Mirza Afshar (Nassrollah Mirza)|Nassrollah Mirza]] |
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|commander2=Abdulla Pasha<ref name="maynard"/> |
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|strength1= Unknown |
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|strength2=Unknown |
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|casualties1=Minimal<ref name="marvi yazdi"/> |
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|casualties2=Heavy<ref name="marvi yazdi"/> |
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}} |
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{{Campaignbox Nader}} |
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{{Campaignbox Ottoman-Persian Wars}} |
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The '''Battle of Mosul''' (1745) was a set-piece battle fought between the Persian and Ottoman Empires during the [[Ottoman–Persian War (1743–46)|war of 1743-1746]]. After receiving news of the approach of two Ottoman armies from the west towards his borders, the Shah of Persia, [[Nader Shah]], also divided his forces in two. A contingent was put under the command of Nader's son, Nasrollah Mirza, as he was named after his victory at Karnal, and another was commanded by his person. Nasrollah Mirza set out south west in order to find and destroy the Turkish army.<ref name="marvi yazdi">Mohammad Kazem Marvi Yazdi, ''Alam Ara-ye Naderi'' (Rare views of the world), 3 vols., Ed. Amin Riyahi, Tehran, Third Edition, 1374/1995</ref> |
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==The battle== |
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The Ottoman commander, Abdullah Pasha, marched into [[Mosul Eyalet]] where he was joined by the local Ottoman forces as well as a significant body of Kurdish auxiliaries. However, when the Persian army gave battle it inflicted a crushing defeat.<ref>{{cite book |author=Mahdī Khān Astarābādī |authorlink=Mirza Mehdi Khan Astarabadi |translator=William Jones |language=French |chapter=Histoire De Nader Chah |title=Works of Sir William Jones |volume=12 |year=1807 |orig-year=1770 |publisher=J. Stockdale |location=London |pages=102-103 |quote= | chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PF74VGFRbTEC&pg=PA102 |oclc=11585120 |id=[[Jahangusha-i Naderi|Jahangushaye Naderi]]}}</ref><ref name="maynard">{{cite book |author=Herbert John Maynard |authorlink= |title=Nadir Shah |year=1885 |publisher=H. B. Blackwell |location= |pages=49 |quote= | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HHUIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA49 |oclc=493917070 }}</ref> The severity of the Ottoman defeat was such that Nassrollah Mirza wrote to his father, Nader, requesting permission to escalate the situation into a full-scale invasion of Ottoman Iraq. The letter reached Nader Shah on the last day of the [[Battle of Kars (1745)|Battle of Kars]] where the Nader had also gained an overwhelming victory against Yegen Pasha.<ref name="lockhart">{{cite book |author=Laurence Lockhart |authorlink= |title=Nadir Shah: A Critical Study Based Mainly Upon Contemporary Sources |year=1938 |publisher=Luzac |location=London |pages=250, 340 |quote= | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EYmgAAAAMAAJ&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=%22Turks+near+mosul%22 |oclc=580906461 }}</ref><ref name="axworthy">{{cite book |author=Michael Axworthy |authorlink= |title=Sword of Persia: Nader Shah, from Tribal Warrior to Conquering Tyrant |year=2010 |publisher=I.B.Tauris |location= |pages=289-291 |quote= | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6BuDBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT290 |isbn=9780857733474}}</ref> |
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==Aftermath== |
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The overall outcome of both victories forced the Ottomans to concede to negotiating under unfavourable circumstances. Having both its armies destroyed, [[Constantinople]] (present-day [[Istanbul]]) lost all possibility for gaining any military leverage against the Persians. However, Nader Shah chose not to launch a counter invasion of the Ottoman Empire, despite annihilating any Ottoman offensive capabilities, putting them completely on the defensive. Instead he pursued a diplomatic solution for the cessation of hostilities. Soon after an exchange of diplomats, the [[treaty of Kerden]] was signed which officially ended the war in 1746. |
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==See also== |
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* [[Ottoman–Persian War (1743–46)]] |
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* [[Battle of Kars (1745)]] |
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* [[Treaty of Kerden]] |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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[[Category:1745 in the Ottoman Empire]] |
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[[Category:1745 in Iran]] |
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[[Category:History of Mosul]] |
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[[Category:Ottoman–Persian Wars|Mosul 1745]] |
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[[Category:Battles involving the Afsharid dynasty|Mosul 1745]] |
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[[Category:Battles involving the Ottoman Empire|Mosul 1745]] |
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[[Category:Conflicts in 1745]] |
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Revision as of 14:54, 25 April 2018
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