List of kings of Macedonia: Difference between revisions
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[[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonia]], also called Macedon, was ruled continuously by kings from its inception around the middle of the seventh century BC until its conquest by the [[Roman Republic]] in 168 BC. [[Government of Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Kingship in Macedonia]], its earliest attested political institution, was hereditary, exclusively male, and characterized by dynastic politics.{{snf|Errington|1990|p=218}}{{snf|Roisman|2010|p=373}}{{snf|Hammond|1979|p=152}} |
[[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonia]], also called Macedon, was ruled continuously by kings from its inception around the middle of the seventh century BC until its conquest by the [[Roman Republic]] in 168 BC. [[Government of Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Kingship in Macedonia]], its earliest attested political institution, was hereditary, exclusively male, and characterized by dynastic politics.{{snf|Errington|1990|p=218}}{{snf|Roisman|2010|p=373}}{{snf|Hammond|1979|p=152}} |
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Information regarding the origins of the [[Argead dynasty|Argeads]], Macedonia's founding dynasty, is very scarce and often contradictory. The Argeads themselves claimed descent from the royal house of [[Argos, Peloponnese|Argos]], the [[Temenus|Temenids]], but this story is viewed with skepticism by modern scholars as a fifth century BC fiction invented by the Argead court to "prove" Greek lineage.{{snf|Eder|2006|pp=188–190}}{{snf|Borza|1990|p=82}}{{snf|Errington|1990|pp=2–3}}{{snf|Asirvatham|2010|p=101}} It is more likely that the Argeads first surfaced either as part of a tribe living near [[Vermio Mountains|Mount Bermion]] who, possibly under the authority of [[Perdiccas I of Macedon|Perdiccas]], subjugated neighboring {{nowrap|lands,{{snf|Sprawski|2010|pp=132-133}}{{snf|Hammond|1979|pp=27-28}}}} or, accordingly to [[Herodotus]], were of a [[Dorians|Doric race]] that originally resided in [[Pindus]].<ref>[[Herodotus]]. ''[[Histories (Herodotus)|Histories]]'', 1.56.2–3.</ref> During their reign, Macedonia would not only come to dominate Greece, but also emerge as one of the most powerful states in the ancient world with the conquest of the [[Achaemenid Empire|Persian Empire]] under [[Alexander the Great]]. However, Alexander's [[Death of Alexander the Great|untimely death]] in 323 BC triggered a [[Wars of the Diadochi|series of civil wars]] and regents for his young son [[Alexander IV of Macedon|Alexander IV]], ultimately leading to the Argead dynasty's demise. |
Information regarding the origins of the [[Argead dynasty|Argeads]], Macedonia's founding dynasty, is very scarce and often contradictory. The Argeads themselves claimed descent from the royal house of [[Argos, Peloponnese|Argos]], the [[Temenus|Temenids]], but this story is viewed with skepticism by modern scholars as a fifth century BC fiction invented by the Argead court to "prove" heroic Greek lineage.{{snf|Eder|2006|pp=188–190}}{{snf|Borza|1990|p=82}}{{snf|Errington|1990|pp=2–3}}{{snf|Asirvatham|2010|p=101}} It is more likely that the Argeads first surfaced either as part of a tribe living near [[Vermio Mountains|Mount Bermion]] who, possibly under the authority of [[Perdiccas I of Macedon|Perdiccas]], subjugated neighboring {{nowrap|lands,{{snf|Sprawski|2010|pp=132-133}}{{snf|Hammond|1979|pp=27-28}}}} or, accordingly to [[Herodotus]], were of a [[Dorians|Doric race]] that originally resided in [[Pindus]].<ref>[[Herodotus]]. ''[[Histories (Herodotus)|Histories]]'', 1.56.2–3.</ref> During their reign, Macedonia would not only come to dominate Greece, but also emerge as one of the most powerful states in the ancient world with the conquest of the [[Achaemenid Empire|Persian Empire]] under [[Alexander the Great]]. However, Alexander's [[Death of Alexander the Great|untimely death]] in 323 BC triggered a [[Wars of the Diadochi|series of civil wars]] and regents for his young son [[Alexander IV of Macedon|Alexander IV]], ultimately leading to the Argead dynasty's demise. |
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[[Cassander]], the ostensible regent of Macedonia, murdered Alexander IV in 310 and installed the [[Antipatrid dynasty|Antipatrids]] as the ruling house. His dynasty was short-lived, however, as his death in 297 triggered a civil war between his sons that further destabilized the kingdom. The following decades saw a rapid and violent succession of [[Diadochi]] from various dynasties, each vying for the Macedonian throne. This chaos continued until the death of [[Pyrrhus of Epirus|Pyrrhus]] in 272 and the accession of the [[Antigonid dynasty|Antigonids]] under [[Antigonus II Gonatas]]. |
[[Cassander]], the ostensible regent of Macedonia, murdered Alexander IV in 310 and installed the [[Antipatrid dynasty|Antipatrids]] as the ruling house. His dynasty was short-lived, however, as his death in 297 triggered a civil war between his sons that further destabilized the kingdom. The following decades saw a rapid and violent succession of [[Diadochi]] from various dynasties, each vying for the Macedonian throne. This chaos continued until the death of [[Pyrrhus of Epirus|Pyrrhus]] in 272 and the accession of the [[Antigonid dynasty|Antigonids]] under [[Antigonus II Gonatas]]. |
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