Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: Difference between revisions
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Lesions are asymptomatic and most commonly found on the face and acral regions, however they have been described in other locations such as the trunk and, less frequently, the [[Mucous membrane|mucous membranes]];<ref name="literature review">{{cite journal | last=Wang | first=Ming | last2=Abdul‐fattah | first2=Bilal | last3=Wang | first3=Cuiyan | last4=Zhao | first4=Yun | last5=Qu | first5=Xiaoying | last6=Al‐Muriesh | first6=Maher | last7=Wang | first7=Xia | last8=Zhu | first8=Li | last9=Qian | first9=Yue | last10=Huang | first10=Changzheng | last11=Chen | first11=Siyuan | title=Generalized multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: case report and literature review | journal=Journal of Cutaneous Pathology | publisher=Wiley | volume=44 | issue=2 | date=2016-11-28 | issn=0303-6987 | doi=10.1111/cup.12853 | pages=125–134}}</ref> they are usually unilateral and appear as [[Papule|papules]] ranging in diameter from 2 to 15mm.<ref name="uncommon">{{cite journal | last=Costa | first=Anderson Alves | last2=Wedy | first2=Glaucia Ferreira | last3=Junior | first3=Walter Belda | last4=Criado | first4=Paulo Ricardo | title=Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: an uncommon cutaneous tumor | journal=Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=95 | issue=4 | year=2020 | issn=0365-0596 | doi=10.1016/j.abd.2019.10.005 | pages=480–483}}</ref> |
Lesions are asymptomatic and most commonly found on the face and acral regions, however they have been described in other locations such as the trunk and, less frequently, the [[Mucous membrane|mucous membranes]];<ref name="literature review">{{cite journal | last=Wang | first=Ming | last2=Abdul‐fattah | first2=Bilal | last3=Wang | first3=Cuiyan | last4=Zhao | first4=Yun | last5=Qu | first5=Xiaoying | last6=Al‐Muriesh | first6=Maher | last7=Wang | first7=Xia | last8=Zhu | first8=Li | last9=Qian | first9=Yue | last10=Huang | first10=Changzheng | last11=Chen | first11=Siyuan | title=Generalized multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: case report and literature review | journal=Journal of Cutaneous Pathology | publisher=Wiley | volume=44 | issue=2 | date=2016-11-28 | issn=0303-6987 | doi=10.1111/cup.12853 | pages=125–134}}</ref> they are usually unilateral and appear as [[Papule|papules]] ranging in diameter from 2 to 15mm.<ref name="uncommon">{{cite journal | last=Costa | first=Anderson Alves | last2=Wedy | first2=Glaucia Ferreira | last3=Junior | first3=Walter Belda | last4=Criado | first4=Paulo Ricardo | title=Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: an uncommon cutaneous tumor | journal=Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=95 | issue=4 | year=2020 | issn=0365-0596 | doi=10.1016/j.abd.2019.10.005 | pages=480–483}}</ref> |
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They can be smooth and flat, or they can seem like reddish, pink, violaceous, or brown [[Papule|papules]] with a slightly elevated dome-shaped surface.<ref name="Applebaum 2014">{{cite journal | last=Applebaum | first=Danielle S. | last2=Shuja | first2=Fareesa | last3=Hicks | first3=Lindsey | last4=Cockerell | first4=Clay | last5=Hsu | first5=Sylvia | title=Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: a case report and review of the literature | journal=Dermatology Online Journal | volume=20 | issue=5 | date=2014-05-16 | issn=1087-2108 | pmid=24852770 | page=22610}}</ref> There have been a few cases reported with bilateral involvement and even widespread forms.<ref name="literature review"/> MCAH lesions do not seem to spontaneously remit; instead, they grow over weeks to months.<ref name="long-term remission">{{cite journal | last=Richer | first=V. | last2=Lui | first2=H. | title=Facial multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: |
They can be smooth and flat, or they can seem like reddish, pink, violaceous, or brown [[Papule|papules]] with a slightly elevated dome-shaped surface.<ref name="Applebaum 2014">{{cite journal | last=Applebaum | first=Danielle S. | last2=Shuja | first2=Fareesa | last3=Hicks | first3=Lindsey | last4=Cockerell | first4=Clay | last5=Hsu | first5=Sylvia | title=Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: a case report and review of the literature | journal=Dermatology Online Journal | volume=20 | issue=5 | date=2014-05-16 | issn=1087-2108 | pmid=24852770 | page=22610}}</ref> There have been a few cases reported with bilateral involvement and even widespread forms.<ref name="literature review"/> MCAH lesions do not seem to spontaneously remit; instead, they grow over weeks to months.<ref name="long-term remission">{{cite journal | last=Richer | first=V. | last2=Lui | first2=H. | title=Facial multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: long‐term remission with 585 nm pulsed dye laser | journal=Clinical and Experimental Dermatology | publisher=Oxford University Press (OUP) | volume=41 | issue=3 | date=2015-08-12 | issn=0307-6938 | doi=10.1111/ced.12717 | pages=312–313}}</ref> |
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== Causes == |
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While there are still many unanswered questions regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of MCAH, the general consensus is that lesions result from a reactive process rather than a [[Neoplasm|neoplastic]] one.<ref name="uncommon" /> |
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== Mechanism == |
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This disease is thought to be caused by enhanced cutaneous vascularity and an aggressive inflammatory response to intravascular macrophage migration.<ref name="Frew 2015">{{cite journal | last=Frew | first=John W. | title=Multinucleate Cell Angiohistiocytoma | journal=The American Journal of Dermatopathology | publisher=Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) | volume=37 | issue=3 | year=2015 | issn=0193-1091 | doi=10.1097/dad.0000000000000075 | pages=222–228}}</ref> Furthermore, impacted regions demonstrate an overabundance of [[estrogen receptor α]].<ref name="Overexpression">{{cite journal | last=Cesinaro | first=Anna Maria | last2=Roncati | first2=Luca | last3=Maiorana | first3=Antonio | title=Estrogen Receptor Alpha Overexpression In Multinucleate Cell Angiohistiocytoma: New Insights Into the Pathogenesis of a Reactive Process | journal=The American Journal of Dermatopathology | volume=32 | issue=7 | date=2010 | issn=0193-1091 | doi=10.1097/DAD.0b013e3181d3ca49 | pages=655–659}}</ref> [[Angiogenesis]] has been associated with [[estrogen]] signaling.<ref name="Angiogenesis">{{cite journal | last=Losordo | first=Douglas W. | last2=Isner | first2=Jeffrey M. | title=Estrogen and Angiogenesis | journal=Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology | publisher=Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) | volume=21 | issue=1 | year=2001 | issn=1079-5642 | doi=10.1161/01.atv.21.1.6 | pages=6–12}}</ref> This discovery may help to explain why MCAH is more common in women and why it is extremely vascular.<ref name="Frew 2015"/> |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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[[Category:Dermal and subcutaneous growths]] |
[[Category:Dermal and subcutaneous growths]] |
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Revision as of 03:50, 29 April 2024
| Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Dermatology |
Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma (MCAH) is a cutaneous condition that presents as slowly growing, multiple, discrete but grouped, red to violaceous papules[1]
Signs and symptoms
Lesions are asymptomatic and most commonly found on the face and acral regions, however they have been described in other locations such as the trunk and, less frequently, the mucous membranes;[2] they are usually unilateral and appear as papules ranging in diameter from 2 to 15mm.[3]
They can be smooth and flat, or they can seem like reddish, pink, violaceous, or brown papules with a slightly elevated dome-shaped surface.[4] There have been a few cases reported with bilateral involvement and even widespread forms.[2] MCAH lesions do not seem to spontaneously remit; instead, they grow over weeks to months.[5]
Causes
While there are still many unanswered questions regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of MCAH, the general consensus is that lesions result from a reactive process rather than a neoplastic one.[3]
Mechanism
This disease is thought to be caused by enhanced cutaneous vascularity and an aggressive inflammatory response to intravascular macrophage migration.[6] Furthermore, impacted regions demonstrate an overabundance of estrogen receptor α.[7] Angiogenesis has been associated with estrogen signaling.[8] This discovery may help to explain why MCAH is more common in women and why it is extremely vascular.[6]
See also
References
- ^ Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
- ^ a b Wang, Ming; Abdul‐fattah, Bilal; Wang, Cuiyan; Zhao, Yun; Qu, Xiaoying; Al‐Muriesh, Maher; Wang, Xia; Zhu, Li; Qian, Yue; Huang, Changzheng; Chen, Siyuan (2016-11-28). "Generalized multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: case report and literature review". Journal of Cutaneous Pathology. 44 (2). Wiley: 125–134. doi:10.1111/cup.12853. ISSN 0303-6987.
- ^ a b Costa, Anderson Alves; Wedy, Glaucia Ferreira; Junior, Walter Belda; Criado, Paulo Ricardo (2020). "Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: an uncommon cutaneous tumor". Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia. 95 (4). Elsevier BV: 480–483. doi:10.1016/j.abd.2019.10.005. ISSN 0365-0596.
- ^ Applebaum, Danielle S.; Shuja, Fareesa; Hicks, Lindsey; Cockerell, Clay; Hsu, Sylvia (2014-05-16). "Multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: a case report and review of the literature". Dermatology Online Journal. 20 (5): 22610. ISSN 1087-2108. PMID 24852770.
- ^ Richer, V.; Lui, H. (2015-08-12). "Facial multinucleate cell angiohistiocytoma: long‐term remission with 585 nm pulsed dye laser". Clinical and Experimental Dermatology. 41 (3). Oxford University Press (OUP): 312–313. doi:10.1111/ced.12717. ISSN 0307-6938.
- ^ a b Frew, John W. (2015). "Multinucleate Cell Angiohistiocytoma". The American Journal of Dermatopathology. 37 (3). Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health): 222–228. doi:10.1097/dad.0000000000000075. ISSN 0193-1091.
- ^ Cesinaro, Anna Maria; Roncati, Luca; Maiorana, Antonio (2010). "Estrogen Receptor Alpha Overexpression In Multinucleate Cell Angiohistiocytoma: New Insights Into the Pathogenesis of a Reactive Process". The American Journal of Dermatopathology. 32 (7): 655–659. doi:10.1097/DAD.0b013e3181d3ca49. ISSN 0193-1091.
- ^ Losordo, Douglas W.; Isner, Jeffrey M. (2001). "Estrogen and Angiogenesis". Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 21 (1). Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health): 6–12. doi:10.1161/01.atv.21.1.6. ISSN 1079-5642.