Sophie von Hatzfeldt: Difference between revisions
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==Early life== |
==Early life== |
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She was the daughter of Prussian general [[Franz Ludwig von Hatzfeldt|Franz Ludwig]] [[House of Hatzfeld|von Hatzfeldt zu Trachenberg]] (1756−1827)<ref name="Roberts2014">{{cite book |last1=Roberts |first1=Andrew |title=Napoleon: A Life |date=2014 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-698-17628-7 |page=361 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Napoleon/rjVBAwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Franz+Ludwig+von+Hatzfeld&pg=PT361 | |
She was the daughter of Prussian general [[Franz Ludwig von Hatzfeldt|Franz Ludwig]] [[House of Hatzfeld|von Hatzfeldt zu Trachenberg]] (1756−1827)<ref name="Roberts2014">{{cite book |last1=Roberts |first1=Andrew |title=Napoleon: A Life |date=2014 |publisher=Penguin |isbn=978-0-698-17628-7 |page=361 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Napoleon/rjVBAwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Franz+Ludwig+von+Hatzfeld&pg=PT361 |access-date=5 May 2020 |language=en}}</ref> and Countess Friederike Karoline von der Schulenburg (1779–1832), a daughter of the Prussian minister to the General Directorate Friedrich Wilhelm von Schulenburg-Kehnert. His older sister, Countess Luise von Hatzfeldt was the wife of Prussian General [[Ludwig Freiherr Roth von Schreckenstein]], the [[Prussian Minister of War|Minister of War]].<ref name="Marx2019">{{cite book |last1=Marx |first1=Karl |title=The Political Writings |date=2019 |publisher=Verso Books |isbn=978-1-78873-688-6 |page=194 |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Political_Writings/4zOGDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Ludwig+Roth+von+Schreckenstein&pg=PA194 |access-date=5 May 2020 |language=en}}</ref> Among her other siblings was brother Prince Hermann Anton von Hatzfeldt and sister [[Max von Hatzfeld|Maximilian von Hatzfeldt]]. From Prince Hermann's second marriage to Countess Marie von [[Nimptsch]], she was aunt to Prince [[Hermann von Hatzfeldt]], who represented the [[Free Conservative Party|Deutsche Reichspartei]] in the [[Reichstag (German Empire)|Reichstag]]. She grew up in the Hatzfeld Palace and in Berlin.<ref name=":0" /> |
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[[File:Schloss_Trachenberg_Sammlung_Duncker.jpg|left|thumb|The Hatzfeld Palace c. 1860, edition by [[Alexander Duncker]]]] |
[[File:Schloss_Trachenberg_Sammlung_Duncker.jpg|left|thumb|The Hatzfeld Palace c. 1860, edition by [[Alexander Duncker]]]] |
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== Life == |
== Life == |
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In 1822, Sophie was forced to marry her cousin, Edmund Fürst von Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg with whom she had three children (including [[Paul von Hatzfeldt]], who was Ambassador to [[London]] and [[Constantinople]], [[Foreign Minister of Germany|Foreign Secretary]], and Head of the [[Foreign Office (Germany)|Foreign Office]]).<ref>{{cite web |title=Count Paul von Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg |url=https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp97317/count-paul-von-hatzfeldt-wildenburg |website=www.npg.org.uk |publisher=[[National Portrait Gallery, London]] | |
In 1822, Sophie was forced to marry her cousin, Edmund Fürst von Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg with whom she had three children (including [[Paul von Hatzfeldt]], who was Ambassador to [[London]] and [[Constantinople]], [[Foreign Minister of Germany|Foreign Secretary]], and Head of the [[Foreign Office (Germany)|Foreign Office]]).<ref>{{cite web |title=Count Paul von Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg |url=https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp97317/count-paul-von-hatzfeldt-wildenburg |website=www.npg.org.uk |publisher=[[National Portrait Gallery, London]] |access-date=5 May 2020 |language=en}}</ref> the marriage was unhappy as her husband was controlling her money and her movements.<ref name=":0" /> They separated in 1833.<ref name=":0" /> |
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In 1846, when she was in her early-40's, she made the acquaintance of [[Ferdinand Lassalle]] (1825-1864).<ref name="Dawson">{{citation | first = WH | last = Dawson | url = https://archive.org/details/germansocialism01dawsgoog | title = German Socialism and Ferdinand Lassalle | place = London | publisher = Swan Sonnenschein | year = 1891}}</ref> In a long and relentless lawsuit to reach a divorce of the unhappy marriage and fight for her rights as an independent woman,<ref name=":0" /> she was represented by Lassalle who saw the process as a fight against injustice in general. Her house in Düsseldorf became an important meeting point of activists during the March revolution in 1848, [[Karl Marx]] among them,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fembio.org/biographie.php/frau/biographie/sophie-graefin-von-hatzfeldt/|title=Sophie Gräfin von Hatzfeldt|last=Koch|first=Gabriele|date=|website=www.fembio.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-07-02}}</ref> and Sophie herself became an independent and politically active woman.<ref name=":0" /> |
In 1846, when she was in her early-40's, she made the acquaintance of [[Ferdinand Lassalle]] (1825-1864).<ref name="Dawson">{{citation | first = WH | last = Dawson | url = https://archive.org/details/germansocialism01dawsgoog | title = German Socialism and Ferdinand Lassalle | place = London | publisher = Swan Sonnenschein | year = 1891}}</ref> In a long and relentless lawsuit to reach a divorce of the unhappy marriage and fight for her rights as an independent woman,<ref name=":0" /> she was represented by Lassalle who saw the process as a fight against injustice in general. Her house in Düsseldorf became an important meeting point of activists during the March revolution in 1848, [[Karl Marx]] among them,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.fembio.org/biographie.php/frau/biographie/sophie-graefin-von-hatzfeldt/|title=Sophie Gräfin von Hatzfeldt|last=Koch|first=Gabriele|date=|website=www.fembio.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-07-02}}</ref> and Sophie herself became an independent and politically active woman.<ref name=":0" /> |
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Revision as of 05:33, 16 February 2021
Sophie Gräfin von Hatzfeldt, born Gräfin von Hatzfeldt-Schönstein zu Trachenberg, was born on 10 August 1805 in Trachenberg (Lower Silesia) and died on 25 January 1881 in Wiesbaden. She was active in the German working-class movement and partner and confidante of Ferdinand Lassalle.[1]
Early life
She was the daughter of Prussian general Franz Ludwig von Hatzfeldt zu Trachenberg (1756−1827)[2] and Countess Friederike Karoline von der Schulenburg (1779–1832), a daughter of the Prussian minister to the General Directorate Friedrich Wilhelm von Schulenburg-Kehnert. His older sister, Countess Luise von Hatzfeldt was the wife of Prussian General Ludwig Freiherr Roth von Schreckenstein, the Minister of War.[3] Among her other siblings was brother Prince Hermann Anton von Hatzfeldt and sister Maximilian von Hatzfeldt. From Prince Hermann's second marriage to Countess Marie von Nimptsch, she was aunt to Prince Hermann von Hatzfeldt, who represented the Deutsche Reichspartei in the Reichstag. She grew up in the Hatzfeld Palace and in Berlin.[1]
Life
In 1822, Sophie was forced to marry her cousin, Edmund Fürst von Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg with whom she had three children (including Paul von Hatzfeldt, who was Ambassador to London and Constantinople, Foreign Secretary, and Head of the Foreign Office).[4] the marriage was unhappy as her husband was controlling her money and her movements.[1] They separated in 1833.[1]
In 1846, when she was in her early-40's, she made the acquaintance of Ferdinand Lassalle (1825-1864).[5] In a long and relentless lawsuit to reach a divorce of the unhappy marriage and fight for her rights as an independent woman,[1] she was represented by Lassalle who saw the process as a fight against injustice in general. Her house in Düsseldorf became an important meeting point of activists during the March revolution in 1848, Karl Marx among them,[6] and Sophie herself became an independent and politically active woman.[1]
After Lassalle's death in 1864, seeing herself as the one responsible to continue his work,[6] she published his unpublished writings and was active in the Allgemeiner Deutscher Arbeiterverein (ADAV) that had been founded by Lasalle - even though she was not allowed to become a member under Prussian law. In 1867, she founded an ADAV splinter group, the Lassallescher Allgemeiner Deutscher Arbeiterverein (LADAV).[1] After a lack of political success, she retired from politics and died in 1881.[1]
Even though she did not succeed in implementing Lassalle's views as the ones that would further guide the working-class movement, she was highly appreciated by many workers and left her trace in the movement.[6]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h Küntzel, Astrid. "Sophie von Hatzfeldt". Internetportal Rheinische Geschichte. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
- ^ Roberts, Andrew (2014). Napoleon: A Life. Penguin. p. 361. ISBN 978-0-698-17628-7. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
- ^ Marx, Karl (2019). The Political Writings. Verso Books. p. 194. ISBN 978-1-78873-688-6. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
- ^ "Count Paul von Hatzfeldt-Wildenburg". www.npg.org.uk. National Portrait Gallery, London. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
- ^ Dawson, WH (1891), German Socialism and Ferdinand Lassalle, London: Swan Sonnenschein
- ^ a b c Koch, Gabriele. "Sophie Gräfin von Hatzfeldt". www.fembio.org. Retrieved 2 July 2019.
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