Tealliocaris: Difference between revisions
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===''Pseudotealliocaris''=== |
===''Pseudotealliocaris''=== |
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A study on the Carboniferous arthropods of [[The Maritimes]] by M.J. Copeland was published in 1957 in which three new species were described and assigned to ''Tealliocaris''. The first was named ''T. |
A study on the Carboniferous arthropods of [[The Maritimes]] by M.J. Copeland was published in 1957 in which three new species were described and assigned to ''Tealliocaris''. The first was named ''T. caudafimbriata'', the specific name meaning "tail fringe", with Copeland assigning two specimens to this species. Several specimens were assigned to the species named ''T. barathrota'', deriving the specific name from a Greek word meaning "pitted", in reference to the pits and wrinkles across the [[carapace]] of the animal. The species ''T. belli'' was established based on a single fossil ([[Geological Survey of Canada|GSC]] 10138) and named after Canadian geologist [[Walter A. Bell]]. All specimens assigned by Copeland to these three species were collected from the [[Mabou Group]] (then known as the Canso Group) in [[Nova Scotia]], Canada.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Copeland |first=M.J. |date=1957 |title=The arthropod fauna of the Upper Carboniferous rocks of the Maritime Provinces |url=https://ostrnrcan-dostrncan.canada.ca/entities/publication/ef503de1-8cfc-488d-b772-c4993325e0c7 |journal=Geological Survey of Canada, Memoir |volume=286 |doi=10.4095/101505}}</ref> |
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In 1962, Harold Kelly Brooks analysed the figures from Copeland's 1957 study of the three Canadian species assigned to ''Tealliocaris'' and determined that Copeland had misinterpreted the fossils, though Brooks was unable to access the actual specimens for study. Brooks found that there no significant differences were discernable between the three supposed species, and that the Canadian specimens represent only one species. Furthermore, he states that this species differs from other known ''Tealliocaris'' in having long anterolateral (orbital) spines and large branchiolateral keels on the carapace. Based on this, Brooks establishes the genus ''Pseudotealliocaris'', renaming ''Tealliocaris |
In 1962, Harold Kelly Brooks analysed the figures from Copeland's 1957 study of the three Canadian species assigned to ''Tealliocaris'' and determined that Copeland had misinterpreted the fossils, though Brooks was unable to access the actual specimens for study. Brooks found that there no significant differences were discernable between the three supposed species, and that the Canadian specimens represent only one species. Furthermore, he states that this species differs from other known ''Tealliocaris'' in having long anterolateral (orbital) spines and large branchiolateral keels on the carapace. Based on this, Brooks establishes the genus ''Pseudotealliocaris'', renaming ''Tealliocaris caudafimbriata'' as ''Pseudotealliocaris caudafimbriata'' and designating it as the type species of the genus, while ''T. barathrota'' and ''T. belli'' were declared as [[junior synonyms]] of this species.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Brooks |first=Harold Kelly |date=1962 |title=The Paleozoic Eumalacostraca of North America |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10667554 |journal=Bulletins of American Paleontology |volume=44 |issue=202 |pages=163–338}}</ref> Later authors would add more species to this genus, with American paleontologist [[Frederick Schram]] naming ''P. palincsari'' in 1988 and ''P. holthuisi'' being named in 2010 by Mohammed Irham and colleagues.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Schram |first=Frederick |date=1988 |title=Pseudotealliocaris palincsari n. sp., a pygocephalomorph from the Pocono Formation, Mississippian of Pennsylvania |url=http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/24584 |journal=Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History. |volume=21 |pages=221–225 |doi=10.5962/bhl.part.24584 |issn=0080-5947}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Irham |first=Mohammad |last2=Schram |first2=Frederick R. |last3=Vonk |first3=Ronald |date=2010-01-01 |title=A new species of Pygocephalomorpha (Eumalacostraca, Peracarida) from the Leitchfield Formation, Lower Carboniferous (Mississippian) of Grayson County, Kentucky, U.S.A. |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/254915362 |journal=Studies on Malacostraca |pages=343–355 |isbn=978-90-04-17429-0}}</ref> |
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A redescription of ''Tealliocaris'' by Neil D.L. Clark published in 2013 found that the features used by Brooks in 1962 to distinguish the genus from ''Pseudotealliocaris'' are actually present on Scottish specimens of ''Tealliocaris'', including the type species ''T. woodwardi''. Therefore, it was announced that ''Pseudotealliocaris'' is a junior synonym of ''Tealliocaris''. Though the Canadian specimens were noted to be poorly preserved, Clark decided to retained the name ''Tealliocaris caudafimbriata'' for them until specimens preserving more distinct diagnostic features (like spines on the scales of the [[Antenna (biology)|antennae]]) are found. The species ''P. palincsari'' and ''P. holthuisi'' were also moved into ''Tealliocaris'', though Clark does mention that their material should be reanalysed to confirm if such a placement is accurate.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Clark |first=Neil D.L. |date=2013-12-20 |title=Tealliocaris: a decapod crustacean from the Carboniferous of Scotland |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259357821 |journal=Palaeodiversity |volume=6 |pages=107–133 |s2cid=83091612}}</ref> |
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==Species== |
==Species== |
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Revision as of 01:26, 21 April 2024
| Tealliocaris Temporal range:
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|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Superorder: | Peracarida |
| Order: | †Pygocephalomorpha |
| Family: | †Tealliocarididae |
| Genus: | †Tealliocaris Peach, 1908 |
| Type species | |
| †Anthrapalaemon? woodwardi Etheridge, 1877
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| Synonyms | |
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Synonyms of Tealliocaris
Synonyms of T. woodwardi
Synonyms of T. etheridgii
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Tealliocaris is an extinct genus of pygocephalomorphans from the Carboniferous.[1]
Discovery and naming
Species of Tealliocaris have been described before the genus was established, originally being placed into the genus Anthrapalaemon. In 1877, British paleontologist Robert Etheridge, Junior became the first to study fossils of Tealliocaris, analysing an iron nodule containing remains of two individuals discovered by James Connie (a collector of the Geological Survey of Scotland) in the Carboniferous-aged deposits of the Old Red Sandstone at Belhaven Bay, near Dunbar, Scotland. Believing they were similar to remains of Anthrapalaemon, he tentatively assigned this specimen as a new species of the genus which he named Anthrapalaemon? woodwardi.[2] Two other species were first described as part of the same genus in 1882 by British paleontologist Ben Peach under the names A. etheridgii and A. formosa respectively, and are based on a series of specimens found in Glencartholm, Scotland.[3] In 1908, Peach established a new genus of fossil crustaceans which he named Tealliocaris, combining the surname of Jethro Teall (the Director of the Geological Survey of Scotland at the time and Peach's former Chief) with the Ancient Greek word καρίς (karís, meaning "shrimp"). He reclassified A.? woodwardi, A. etheridgii and A. formosa as species of Tealliocaris, in addition to erecting three new species which he named T. loudonensis, T. tarrasiana and T. robusta respectively.[4]
Pseudotealliocaris
A study on the Carboniferous arthropods of The Maritimes by M.J. Copeland was published in 1957 in which three new species were described and assigned to Tealliocaris. The first was named T. caudafimbriata, the specific name meaning "tail fringe", with Copeland assigning two specimens to this species. Several specimens were assigned to the species named T. barathrota, deriving the specific name from a Greek word meaning "pitted", in reference to the pits and wrinkles across the carapace of the animal. The species T. belli was established based on a single fossil (GSC 10138) and named after Canadian geologist Walter A. Bell. All specimens assigned by Copeland to these three species were collected from the Mabou Group (then known as the Canso Group) in Nova Scotia, Canada.[5]
In 1962, Harold Kelly Brooks analysed the figures from Copeland's 1957 study of the three Canadian species assigned to Tealliocaris and determined that Copeland had misinterpreted the fossils, though Brooks was unable to access the actual specimens for study. Brooks found that there no significant differences were discernable between the three supposed species, and that the Canadian specimens represent only one species. Furthermore, he states that this species differs from other known Tealliocaris in having long anterolateral (orbital) spines and large branchiolateral keels on the carapace. Based on this, Brooks establishes the genus Pseudotealliocaris, renaming Tealliocaris caudafimbriata as Pseudotealliocaris caudafimbriata and designating it as the type species of the genus, while T. barathrota and T. belli were declared as junior synonyms of this species.[6] Later authors would add more species to this genus, with American paleontologist Frederick Schram naming P. palincsari in 1988 and P. holthuisi being named in 2010 by Mohammed Irham and colleagues.[7][8]
A redescription of Tealliocaris by Neil D.L. Clark published in 2013 found that the features used by Brooks in 1962 to distinguish the genus from Pseudotealliocaris are actually present on Scottish specimens of Tealliocaris, including the type species T. woodwardi. Therefore, it was announced that Pseudotealliocaris is a junior synonym of Tealliocaris. Though the Canadian specimens were noted to be poorly preserved, Clark decided to retained the name Tealliocaris caudafimbriata for them until specimens preserving more distinct diagnostic features (like spines on the scales of the antennae) are found. The species P. palincsari and P. holthuisi were also moved into Tealliocaris, though Clark does mention that their material should be reanalysed to confirm if such a placement is accurate.[9]
Species
The genus contains eight described species:[1]
- †Tealliocaris caudafimbriata Copeland, 1957
- †Tealliocaris etheridgei Peach, 1882
- †Tealliocaris formosa (Peach, 1882)
- †Tealliocaris loudonensis Peach, 1908
- †Tealliocaris robusta Peach, 1908
- †Tealliocaris tarrassiana Peach, 1908
- †Tealliocaris walloniensis Gueriau, Charbonnier & Clément, 2014
- †Tealliocaris woodwardi (Etheridge, 1877)
References
- ^ a b WoRMS. "Tealliocaris Peach, 1908". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 26 December 2022.
- ^ Etheridge, R. (1877). "On the Occurrence of a Macrurous Decapod (Anthrapalæmon? Woodwardi, sp. nov.) in the Red Sandstone, or lowest group, of the Carboniferous Formation in the South-east of Scotland". Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society. 33 (1–4): 863–878. doi:10.1144/GSL.JGS.1877.033.01-04.49. ISSN 0370-291X. S2CID 140182850.
- ^ Peach, B. N. (1882). "XXI.—Further Researches among the Crustacea and Arachnida of the Carboniferous Rocks of the Scottish Border". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh. 30 (2): 511–529. doi:10.1017/S0080456800026569. ISSN 2053-5945.
- ^ Peach, B. N. (1908). Monograph on the higher Crustacea of the Carboniferous rocks of Scotland. Glasgow: Printed for H.M. Stationery off., by J. Hedderwick & sons, ltd.
- ^ Copeland, M.J. (1957). "The arthropod fauna of the Upper Carboniferous rocks of the Maritime Provinces". Geological Survey of Canada, Memoir. 286. doi:10.4095/101505.
- ^ Brooks, Harold Kelly (1962). "The Paleozoic Eumalacostraca of North America". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 44 (202): 163–338.
- ^ Schram, Frederick (1988). "Pseudotealliocaris palincsari n. sp., a pygocephalomorph from the Pocono Formation, Mississippian of Pennsylvania". Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History. 21: 221–225. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.24584. ISSN 0080-5947.
- ^ Irham, Mohammad; Schram, Frederick R.; Vonk, Ronald (2010-01-01). "A new species of Pygocephalomorpha (Eumalacostraca, Peracarida) from the Leitchfield Formation, Lower Carboniferous (Mississippian) of Grayson County, Kentucky, U.S.A." Studies on Malacostraca: 343–355. ISBN 978-90-04-17429-0.
- ^ Clark, Neil D.L. (2013-12-20). "Tealliocaris: a decapod crustacean from the Carboniferous of Scotland". Palaeodiversity. 6: 107–133. S2CID 83091612.
- Fossils (Smithsonian Handbooks) by David Ward (Page 69)
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