1999–2000 Ipswich Town F.C. season
1999–2000 season | |
---|---|
Chairman | David Sheepshanks |
Manager | George Burley |
Stadium | Portman Road |
First Division | 3rd (promoted via play-offs) |
FA Cup | Third round |
League Cup | Second round |
Play-offs | Winners |
Top goalscorer | League: David Johnson (22) All: David Johnson (23) |
Highest home attendance | 21,908 (vs Walsall, 7 May 2000, First Division) |
Lowest home attendance | 14,383 (vs Southampton, 13 Dec 1999, FA Cup) |
Average home league attendance | 18,524 |
During the 1999–2000 English football season, Ipswich Town competed in the Football League First Division.
Season summary
[edit]Ipswich finished the season in third place in the First Division, missing out on the two automatic places for promotion to the Premiership and instead took part in the play-offs for the fourth year running, to determine the third promoted team.[1] Ipswich finished two points behind Manchester City (who were promoted in second place) and four behind league winners Charlton Athletic.
On the final day of the league season Ipswich played Walsall, and won 2–0 with two goals from Ipswich's top scorer David Johnson, who finished the season with 22 goals. At one point, after his first goal, second place Manchester City were trailing to Blackburn, meaning that Ipswich would qualify for promotion automatically.[2] However, this only lasted nine minutes, with City eventually scoring four goals to win the match and secure promotion.[3]
In the play-off semi-finals, Ipswich faced sixth-placed Bolton Wanderers, who had beaten them in the semi-final the previous year.[2] After a 2–2 draw in the first leg away at the Reebok Stadium, Ipswich won 5–3 at Portman Road, winning 7–5 on aggregate.[4][5][6]
In the play-off final, the last domestic competitive fixture at Wembley Stadium before the stadium was redeveloped,[7] Ipswich played fourth-placed Barnsley, beating them 4–2 and finally securing their return to the Premiership after an absence of five years.[8]
First-team squad
[edit]Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
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Left club during season
[edit]Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
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Reserve squad
[edit]Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
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Pre-season
[edit]Ipswich traveled to Scandinavia for pre-season prior to the 1999–2000 season, playing friendlies against Swedish sides Gefle IF and GIF Sundsvall.[9]
Legend
[edit]Win | Draw | Loss |
Date | Opponent | Venue | Result | Attendance | Scorers |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
20 July 1999 | St Albans City | A | 3–0 | Unknown | Friars, Naylor, Niven |
22 July 1999 | Gefle IF | A | 3–2 | Unknown | Stockwell, Scowcroft, Midgley |
24 July 1999 | GIF Sundsvall | A | 1–1 | Unknown | Johnson |
27 July 1999 | Peterborough United | A | 1–0 | Unknown | Johnson |
31 July 1999 | FC Twente | H | 1–2 | Unknown | Scowcroft |
Competitions
[edit]Football League First Division
[edit]League table
[edit]
Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Charlton Athletic (C, P) | 46 | 27 | 10 | 9 | 79 | 45 | +34 | 91 | Promotion to the Premier League |
2 | Manchester City (P) | 46 | 26 | 11 | 9 | 78 | 40 | +38 | 89 | |
3 | Ipswich Town (O, P) | 46 | 25 | 12 | 9 | 71 | 42 | +29 | 87 | Qualification for the First Division play-offs |
4 | Barnsley | 46 | 24 | 10 | 12 | 88 | 67 | +21 | 82 | |
5 | Birmingham City | 46 | 22 | 11 | 13 | 65 | 44 | +21 | 77 |
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Goal difference; 3) Goals scored
(C) Champions; (O) Play-off winners; (P) Promoted
Legend
[edit]Win | Draw | Loss |
Ipswich Town's score comes first
Matches
[edit]Date | Opponent | Venue | Result | Attendance | Scorers |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
7 August 1999 | Nottingham Forest | H | 3-1 | 20,830 | Naylor, Johnson, Scowcroft |
15 August 1999 | Swindon Town | A | 4-1 | 6,195 | Johnson (2), Naylor (2) |
21 August 1999 | Bolton Wanderers | H | 1-0 | 17,696 | Johnson |
28 August 1999 | Sheffield United | A | 2-2 | 12,455 | Scowcroft, Johnson |
30 August 1999 | Barnsley | H | 6-1 | 18,037 | Johnson (2), Venus, Naylor, Scowcroft, Magilton |
11 September 1999 | Portsmouth | A | 1-1 | 16,034 | Scowcroft |
18 September 1999 | Birmingham City | H | 0-1 | 19,758 | |
26 September 1999 | Manchester City | H | 2-1 | 19,406 | Johnson, Croft |
2 October 1999 | Grimsby Town | A | 1-2 | 6,531 | Magilton |
16 October 1999 | Queens Park Rangers | H | 1-4 | 17,544 | Holland |
19 October 1999 | Charlton Athletic | H | 4-2 | 17,940 | Scowcroft, Venus, Johnson, Stockwell |
23 October 1999 | Walsall | A | 1-0 | 6,526 | Naylor |
27 October 1999 | Manchester City | A | 0-1 | 32,799 | |
30 October 1999 | Grimsby Town | H | 2-0 | 16,617 | Clapham, Naylor |
2 November 1999 | Huddersfield Town | A | 1-3 | 12,093 | Holland |
6 November 1999 | Blackburn Rovers | A | 2-2 | 18,512 | Holland, Mowbray |
12 November 1999 | Tranmere Rovers | H | 0-0 | 14,514 | |
21 November 1999 | Norwich City | A | 0-0 | 19,948 | |
24 November 1999 | Wolverhampton Wanderers | H | 1-0 | 15,731 | Scowcroft |
27 November 1999 | Crewe Alexandra | H | 2-1 | 15,211 | Johnson (2) |
5 December 1999 | Nottingham Forest | A | 1-0 | 15,724 | Holland |
7 December 1999 | Crystal Palace | A | 2-2 | 13,176 | Holland, Johnson |
18 December 1999 | West Bromwich Albion | H | 3-1 | 14,712 | Johnson, Scowcroft, Midgley |
26 December 1999 | Fulham | A | 0-0 | 17,255 | |
28 December 1999 | Stockport County | H | 1-0 | 20,671 | Scowcroft |
3 January 2000 | Port Vale | A | 2-1 | 6,908 | Holland, Scowcroft |
15 January 2000 | Swindon Town | H | 3-0 | 17,326 | Stockwell, Naylor (2) |
22 January 2000 | Bolton Wanderers | A | 1-1 | 11,924 | Holland |
29 January 2000 | Sheffield United | H | 1-1 | 17,350 | Johnson (pen) |
5 February 2000 | Barnsley | A | 2-0 | 17,601 | Scowcroft, Stewart |
12 February 2000 | Huddersfield Town | H | 2-1 | 21,233 | Scowcroft, Stewart |
19 February 2000 | Crewe Alexandra | A | 2-1 | 6,393 | Clapham, Wright |
27 February 2000 | Birmingham City | A | 1-1 | 20,493 | Johnson |
4 March 2000 | Portsmouth | H | 0-1 | 20,305 | |
7 March 2000 | Blackburn Rovers | H | 0-0 | 18,871 | |
11 March 2000 | Wolverhampton Wanderers | A | 1-2 | 22,652 | Scowcroft |
19 March 2000 | Norwich City | H | 0-2 | 21,760 | |
22 March 2000 | Tranmere Rovers | A | 2-0 | 6,933 | Holland, Johnson |
25 March 2000 | Fulham | H | 1-0 | 20,168 | Reuser |
4 April 2000 | West Browich Albion | A | 1-1 | 12,536 | Holland |
8 April 2000 | Port Vale | H | 3-0 | 19,663 | Scowcroft, Johnson, Holland |
15 April 2000 | Stockport County | A | 1-0 | 8,501 | Johnson |
22 April 2000 | Queens Park Rangers | A | 1-3 | 14,920 | Magilton (pen) |
25 April 2000 | Crystal Palace | H | 1-0 | 18,798 | Johnson |
29 April 2000 | Charlton Athletic | A | 3-1 | 20,043 | Magilton, Johnson, Reuser |
7 May 2000 | Walsall | H | 2-0 | 21,908 | Johnson (2) |
First Division play-offs
[edit]Round | Date | Opponent | Venue | Result | Attendance | Goalscorers |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SF 1st Leg | 14 May 2000 | Bolton Wanderers | A | 2-2 | 18,814 | Stewart (2) |
SF 2nd Leg | 17 May 2000 | Bolton Wanderers | H | 5-3 (won 7–5 on agg) | 21,543 | Magilton (3), Clapham (pen), Reuser |
Final | 29 May 2000 | Barnsley | Wembley Stadium | 4-2 | 73,427 | Mowbray, Naylor, Stewart, Reuser |
FA Cup
[edit]Round | Date | Opponent | Venue | Result | Attendance | Goalscorers |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R3 | 13 December 1999 | Southampton | H | 0-1 | 14,383 |
League Cup
[edit]Round | Date | Opponent | Venue | Result | Attendance | Goalscorers |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
R1 1st Leg | 11 August 1999 | Brentford | A | 2-0 | Johnson, Clapham | |
R1 2nd Leg | 24 August 1999 | Brentford | H | 2-0 (won 4–0 on agg) | Scowcroft, Clapham | |
R2 1st Leg | 14 September 1999 | Crewe Alexandra | A | 1-2 | Venus | |
R2 2nd Leg | 21 September 1999 | Crewe Alexandra | H | 1-1 (lost 2–3 on agg) | Scowcroft |
Transfers
[edit]Transfers in
[edit]Date | Pos | Name | From | Fee | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
14 July 1999 | GK | Mike Salmon | Charlton Athletic | Free transfer | [10] |
21 July 1999 | MF | Jermaine Wright | Crewe Alexandra | £500,000 | [11] |
5 August 1999 | DF | John McGreal | Tranmere Rovers | £650,000 | [12] |
23 August 1999 | FW | Jonas Axeldal | Calcio Foggia | Free transfer | [13] |
21 September 1999 | DF | Gary Croft | Blackburn Rovers | £540,000 | [14] |
29 September 1999 | GK | James Pullen | Heybridge Swifts | Free transfer | [15] |
11 November 1999 | GK | Sieb Dijkstra | Dundee United | Free transfer | [16] |
1 February 2000 | FW | Marcus Stewart | Huddersfield Town | £2,750,000 | [17] |
22 March 2000 | GK | Keith Branagan | Bolton Wanderers | Free transfer | [18] |
Loans in
[edit]Date from | Pos | Name | From | Date until | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
8 February 2000 | MF | Patrice Maurel | Toulouse | 30 June 2000 | [19] |
16 February 2000 | DF | Michael Clegg | Manchester United | 10 March 2000 | [20] |
23 March 2000 | MF | Martijn Reuser | Ajax | 30 June 2000 | [21] |
Transfers out
[edit]Date | Pos | Name | To | Fee | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 June 1999 | DF | David Theobald | Brentford | Free transfer | [22] |
1 July 1999 | GK | Lee Bracey | Hull City | Free transfer | [23] |
1 July 1999 | DF | Jason Cundy | Portsmouth | Free transfer | [24] |
1 July 1999 | MF | Bobby Petta | Celtic | Free transfer | [25] |
14 July 1999 | MF | Kieron Dyer | Newcastle United | £6,000,000 | [26] |
16 November 1999 | GK | Sieb Dijkstra | Free agent | Released | [16] |
23 March 2000 | MF | Adam Tanner | Peterborough United | Free transfer | [27] |
23 March 2000 | MF | Chris Keeble | Colchester United | Free transfer | [28] |
Loans out
[edit]Date from | Pos | Name | From | Date until | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
23 September 1999 | FW | Neil Midgley | Luton Town | 23 November 1999 | [29] |
30 December 1999 | DF | Titus Bramble | Colchester United | 30 January 2000 | [30] |
18 March 2000 | FW | Sean Friars | Portadown | 18 May 2000 | [31] |
30 March 2000 | FW | Neil Midgley | Kidderminster Harriers | 8 May 2000 | [29] |
Squad statistics
[edit]All statistics updated as of end of season
Appearances and goals
[edit]No. | Pos | Nat | Player | Total | First Division | FA Cup | League Cup | Play-offs | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | ||||
Goalkeepers | |||||||||||||
1 | GK | ENG | Richard Wright | 53 | 0 | 46 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
Defenders | |||||||||||||
2 | DF | NED | Fabian Wilnis | 40 | 0 | 35 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1+1 | 0 | 1+1 | 0 |
3 | DF | ENG | Jamie Clapham | 54 | 5 | 46 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 |
4 | DF | FRA | Jean-Manuel Thetis | 20 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
5 | DF | ENG | Tony Mowbray | 40 | 2 | 36 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 |
6 | DF | ENG | Mark Venus | 34 | 3 | 28 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
17 | DF | ENG | Wayne Brown | 30 | 13 | 25 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1+1 | 0 |
24 | DF | ENG | John McGreal | 38 | 1 | 34 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 |
25 | DF | ENG | Gary Croft | 24 | 1 | 21 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2+1 | 0 |
28 | DF | ENG | Michael Clegg | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Midfielders | |||||||||||||
7 | MF | ENG | Mick Stockwell | 42 | 2 | 35 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3+1 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
8 | MF | IRL | Matt Holland | 54 | 10 | 46 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
11 | MF | NIR | Jim Magilton | 46 | 7 | 39 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
14 | MF | ENG | Jermaine Wright | 39 | 1 | 34 | 1 | 0+1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
30 | MF | NED | Martijn Reuser | 11 | 4 | 2+6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0+3 | 2 |
Forwards | |||||||||||||
9 | FW | JAM | David Johnson | 52 | 23 | 44 | 22 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
10 | FW | ENG | James Scowcroft | 50 | 15 | 43 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 |
12 | FW | ENG | Richard Naylor | 43 | 9 | 36 | 8 | 0+1 | 0 | 3+1 | 0 | 0+2 | 1 |
19 | FW | ENG | Neil Midgley | 4 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
20 | FW | ENG | Richard Logan | 1 | 0 | 0+1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
23 | FW | NIR | Sean Friars | 1 | 0 | 0+1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
27 | FW | ENG | Marcus Stewart | 13 | 5 | 9+1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
32 | FW | SWE | Jonas Axeldal | 20 | 0 | 1+15 | 0 | 0+1 | 0 | 0+3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Last updated: end of season
Source: Competitions
Goalscorers
[edit]No. | Pos | Nat | Player | First Division | FA Cup | League Cup | Play-offs | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
9 | FW | David Johnson | 22 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 23 | |
10 | FW | James Scowcroft | 13 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 15 | |
17 | DF | Wayne Brown | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | |
8 | MF | Matt Holland | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | |
12 | FW | Richard Naylor | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | |
11 | MF | Jim Magilton | 4 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 7 | |
3 | DF | Jamie Clapham | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 5 | |
27 | FW | Marcus Stewart | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 5 | |
30 | MF | Martijn Reuser | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 4 | |
6 | DF | Mark Venus | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | |
5 | DF | Tony Mowbray | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
7 | MF | Mick Stockwell | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | |
14 | MF | Jermaine Wright | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
19 | FW | Neil Midgely | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
24 | DF | John McGreal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
25 | DF | Gary Croft | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
Total | 84 | 0 | 6 | 12 | 102 |
Clean sheets
[edit]No. | Nat | Player | First Division | FA Cup | League Cup | Play-offs | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Richard Wright | 18 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 20 | |
Total | 18 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 20 |
Disciplinary record
[edit]No. | Pos | Nat | Player | First Division | FA Cup | League Cup | Play-offs | Total | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | DF | Fabian Wilnis | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | |
3 | DF | Jamie Clapham | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
4 | DF | Jean-Manuel Thetis | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | |
5 | DF | Tony Mowbray | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | |
6 | DF | Mark Venus | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 0 | |
9 | FW | David Johnson | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | |
10 | FW | James Scowcroft | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
11 | MF | Jim Magilton | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | |
12 | FW | Richard Naylor | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | |
14 | MF | Jermaine Wright | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
17 | DF | Wayne Brown | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
24 | DF | John McGreal | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | |
25 | DF | Gary Croft | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
28 | DF | Michael Clegg | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
Total | 50 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 53 | 3 |
Awards
[edit]Player awards
[edit]Award | Player | Ref |
---|---|---|
Player of the Year | James Scowcroft | [32] |
Player | Ref |
---|---|
Richard Wright | [33] |
Marcus Stewart | [34] |
References
[edit]- ^ "Final 1999/2000 Football League Championship Table". Soccerbase. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2012.
- ^ a b "All To Play For". East Anglian Daily Times. 8 May 2000. p. 1.
- ^ "Play-off joy at last for Burley's Ipswich". BBC Sport. 29 June 2000. Archived from the original on 13 January 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2009.
- ^ "Magic Magilton gives Ipswich glory". BBC News. 17 May 2000. Archived from the original on 8 June 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.
- ^ "Stewart sparks Town comeback". BBC News. 14 May 2000. Archived from the original on 5 March 2003. Retrieved 9 March 2020.
- ^ Thorpe, Martin (18 May 2000). "Late goals seal Ipswich's escape". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 1 September 2020. Retrieved 9 March 2020.
- ^ Turnbull, Simon (27 May 2007). "Championship Play-Off Final: The Mowbray method – softly, softly". The Independent. London. Retrieved 7 February 2008.[dead link ]
- ^ "Ipswich triumph at last". BBC News. 29 May 2000. Retrieved 7 February 2008.
- ^ "Gefle Start For Town". TWTD. 21 July 1999. Retrieved 27 August 2020.
- ^ "Mike Salmon at Soccerbase". Soccerbase. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Jermaine Wright at Soccerbase". Soccerbase. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ Scowcroft, James (16 December 2011). "Stylish John McGreal could have played for England". East Anglian Daily Times. Ipswich. Archived from the original on 8 December 2015. Retrieved 5 December 2015.
- ^ "Jonas Axeldal at Soccerbase". Soccerbase. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Gary Croft at Soccerbase". Soccerbase. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "James Pullen at Soccerbase". Soccerbase. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ a b "Sieb Dijkstra at Soccerbase". Soccerbase. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Stewart Signs for £2.5 Million". TWTD. 1 February 2000. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ "Keith Branagan at Soccerbase". Soccerbase. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Maurel Deal Confirmed". TWTD. 8 February 2000. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Clegg Comes on Loan". TWTD. 16 February 2000. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ "Deadline Day Signing!". TWTD. 24 March 2000. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ "David Theobald at Soccerbase". Soccerbase. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Lee Bracey at Soccerbase". Soccerbase. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Jason Cundy at Soccerbase". Soccerbase. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Petta Off Elswehere". TWTD. 10 July 1999. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
- ^ "The rise of Kieron Dyer". BBC Sport Academy. 31 July 2002. Retrieved 5 February 2010.
- ^ "Adam Tanner Pride of Anglia profile". Pride of Anglia. Retrieved 30 March 2016.
- ^ "Chris Keeble at Soccerbase". Soccerbase. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ a b "Midgley Handed New Contract". TWTD. 10 April 2000. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ "Titus Bramble at Soccerbase". Soccerbase. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ "Friars International Show". TWTD. 29 March 2000. Retrieved 9 April 2020.
- ^ "Scowy Wins Player of the Year". TWTD. 5 May 2000. Retrieved 17 May 2020.
- ^ "Richard Wright". England Football Online. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
- ^ "Keane claims award double". BBC News. 30 April 2000. Retrieved 25 April 2018.