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Jean-Daniel Dumas

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Jean-Daniel Dumas
Born(1721-02-24)24 February 1721
Montauban, France
Died2 August 1794(1794-08-02) (aged 73)
Albias, France
Allegiance Kingdom of France
Service / branchFrench Army
French Marines
Years of service1739-1750, 1768-1780
1750-1768
RankColonel (Marines) 1761
Maréchal de camp (Army) 1780
CommandsTown major of Quebec, 1757
Adjutant of Canadian Militia, 1757
Adjutant-general of French Marines in Canada, 1759
Commanding a brigade, 1759-1760
Commandant of Isle de France and Ile Bourbon, 1766-1768
Battles / warsWar of the Austrian Succession
Seven Years' War
AwardsKnight of the Order of St. Louis
RelationsUnmarried
Other work[1]

Jean-Daniel Dumas (24 February 1721 – 2 August 1794) was a French officer in the Seven Years' War. The French and Indians launched an attack on General Edward Braddock's column at the Battle of the Monongahela. Dumas and Charles Michel de Langlade took charge when their commanding officer, Daniel Liénard de Beaujeu, was shot dead in the opening moments of the battle.

Biography

In 1742, he joined the Agenais Regiment and participated in the War of the Austrian Succession. He used to serve in Bavaria, Italy, Corsica and Provence. In the spring of 1750 he sailed to Bordeaux for Acadia as captain of a company of naval troops and was assigned to Fort Gaspareaux during its construction. In the summer of 1753, he was at Fort Le Boeuf. From 1754 he was posted to Fort Duquesne. He commanded the French regular forces, militia, and Native Americans who defeated General Edward Braddock's British army at the Battle of the Monongahela on July 9, 1755. Jean-Daniel Dumas was knighted on 17 March 1756 at the age of 35.[2]

Commanding Fort Duquesne, after the reassignment of Claude-Pierre Pécaudy de Contrecœur, Dumas organized several Franco-Canadian raids with the Amerindian allies on the border of the province of Pennsylvania.

In 1757 Dumas returned to Montreal and took part in the expedition to capture Fort William-Henry. He was in Quebec for the siege of the city in 1759.[3] In January 1759, he was appointed major general of naval troops. He participated in the Battle of Sainte-Foy in the spring of 1760. He took part in the Montreal Campaign which led to the city's surrender, following which he returned to France.

On July 17, 1766, J. D. Dumas was appointed first governor general of the Mascarene following the surrender of the archipelago to the King of France by the East India Company, then became brigadier-general before being recalled to metropolitan France in 1768.

He was promoted to field marshal in 1780.[4]

References

  1. ^ Tailemitte, Étienne (1979). "Dumas, Jean-Daniel." Dictionary of Canadian Biography. University of Toronto Press, vol. 4, pp. 242-243.
  2. ^ Reverdy, Y. (1989). Un Montalbanais méconnu Jean Daniel Dumas: maréchal de camp, gouverneur général des îles de France et de Bourbon (1721-1794) (in French).
  3. ^ "Jean-Daniel Dumas". Archived from the original on 8 September 2006. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
  4. ^ Bouchard, Russel (2008). Jean-Daniel Dumas héros méconnu de la Nouvelle-France. Montréal: Les Éditions Michel Brûlé.



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