Abba-El II
| Abba-El II | |
|---|---|
| King of Halab (Yamhad) | |
 | |
| Reign | Middle 16th century BC |
| Predecessor | Sarra-El |
| Successor | Ilim-Ilimma I |
Abba-El II (reigned middle 16th century BC - Middle chronology) was the king of Halab (formerly Yamhad) who reigned after the withdrawal of the Hittites.[1]
Reign
[edit]Abba-El is known through his Royal Seal used by his descendant Niqmepa, king of Alalakh as a dynastic seal.[1] In the seal he is described as the mighty king, servant of Hadad, beloved of Hadad, devotee of Hadad,[2] which were the titles that the old kings of Yamhad used.[3] While the seal mentions the name of Abba-El II, the king depicted in it could be Abba-El I.[4]
According to prof. Trevor Bryce, Aleppo was restored by Abba-El's father Sarra-Ee;[5] however, other Historians such as Michael C. Astour consider Abba-El II to be the king who restored the kingdom.[6]
Aleppo recovered from the Hittite invasion and expanded its territory to some of its former lands including Alalakh, Niya and Ama'u.[7]
Succession
[edit]Abba-El's immediate successor was his probable son Ilim-Ilimma I,[6][8] the father of Idrimi who continued the dynasty of Yamhad in Alalakh after Aleppo fell to the Mitannians in ca. 1525 BC.[5][9]
References
[edit].svg){kind=small}
Citations
[edit]- ^ a b Eva Von Dassow (2008). State and society in the late Bronze Age: Alalaḫ under the Mittani Empire. p. 18. ISBN 9781934309148.
- ^ Dominique Collon (2005). First impressions: cylinder seals in the ancient Near East. p. 119. ISBN 9780714111360.
- ^ Ulf Oldenburg. The Conflict Between El and Ba'al in Canaanite Religion. p. 67.
- ^ Archi 2015, p. 19.
- ^ a b Trevor Bryce (1999). The Kingdom of the Hittites. p. 126. ISBN 978-0-19-924010-4.
- ^ a b Michael C. Astour. Orientalia: Vol. 38. p. 382.
- ^ Trevor Bryce (10 September 2009). The Routledge Handbook of the Peoples and Places of Ancient Western Asia. p. 27. ISBN 9781134159079.
- ^ Michael C. Astour (1989). Hittite history and absolute chronology of the Bronze Age. p. 19. ISBN 9789186098865.
- ^ Thomas Nelson (14 October 2008). The Chronological Study Bible. p. 393. ISBN 9780718020682.