National Spatial Reference System
The National Spatial Reference System (NSRS), managed by the National Geodetic Survey (NGS), is a coordinate system that includes latitude, longitude, elevation, and other values. The NSRS consists of a National Shoreline, the NOAA CORS Network[1] (a system of Global Positioning System Continuously Operating Reference Stations), a network of permanently marked points, and a set of models that describe dynamic geophysical processes affecting spatial measurements. The system is based on NAD 83 and NAVD 88.[2]
In 2024 or 2025,[needs update] the NSRS will be modernized with a focus on GNSS and geoid use. It will use the following four frames of reference, each representing a tectonic plate:[3][4]
- North American Terrestrial Reference Frame of 2022 (NATRF2022)
- Pacific Terrestrial Reference Frame of 2022 (PTRF2022)
- Caribbean Terrestrial Reference Frame of 2022 (CTRF2022)
- Mariana Terrestrial Reference Frame of 2022 (MTRF2022)
A (relatively prominent) survey monument that is part of the NSRS[5]
Datum of 2022
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The Datum of 2022 is a placeholder name for a new geodetic datum set to be produced by the U.S. National Geodetic Survey in 2024–2025[6][7] to improve the National Spatial Reference System (NSRS) by replacing the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83) and the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88) with a new geometric reference frame and geopotential datum.[8]
The new reference frames will rely primarily on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), such as the Global Positioning System (GPS), as well as on a gravimetric geoid model resulting from NGS' Gravity for the Redefinition of the American Vertical Datum (GRAV-D) Project.
These new reference frames are intended be easier to access and to maintain than NAD 83 and NAVD 88, which rely on physical survey marks that deteriorate over time.[8]
See also
References
Attribution: contains public domain material copied from ngs.noaa.gov
- ^ "NGS - NCN Homepage". geodesy.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2022-04-19.
- ^ "The National Spatial Reference System". National Geodetic Survey. Retrieved April 3, 2013.
- ^ "How to Transition to the United States 2022 National Coordinate System Without Getting Left Behind" (PDF).
- ^ Smith, Dru; Roman, Dan; Hilla, Steve. "NOAA Technical Report NOS NGS 62: Blueprint for 2022, Part 1: Geometric Coordinates" (PDF). National Geodetic Survey. Retrieved July 11, 2018.
- ^ "NGS Datasheet for marker DH4418 @ Chamberlain, SD".
- ^ US Department of Commerce, NOAA; US Department of Commerce, NOAA. "Delayed Release of Modernized NSRS, New Datums". geodesy.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
- ^ US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. "Frequently Asked Questions - FAQ - New Datums - National Geodetic Survey". geodesy.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
- ^ a b US Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. "New Datums - National Geodetic Survey". www.ngs.noaa.gov. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
External links
- Doyle, David R. "Development of The National Spatial Reference System". National Geodetic Survey.
- "United States Geological Survey home page".
- "U.S. National Geodetic Survey home page".
- "Geodetic Glossary". United States National Geodetic Survey.
- "Orthometric Height Conversion tool". United States National Geodetic Survey.
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