Kabye people
The Kabiye, also known as Kabye, Kabre, Cabrai', are a people living in the north central mountains and northern plains of Togo.[1][2] They speak the Kabiye language. The Kabye are primarily known for farming and cultivation of harsh, dry, infertile lands of Togo. They grow cotton, millet and yams.[2]
Kabye people also live in northwestern Benin near the Togolese border. The Logba or Lugba people of Benin are closely related to the Kabye. Broadly defined and subgroups included, the Kabiye people are the second largest ethnic group in Togo after the Ewe people, and they dominate the Togolese government and military.[1]
Society and culture
The Kabye are a patrilineal society that has been primarily devoted to subsistence farming. In contemporary economy, many are migrant labor.[1]
Evala wrestling
Evala is a form of traditional wrestling practised mainly by the Kabyé of northern Togo, in West Africa. Competitors meet yearly at a festival following a retreat marking the initiation of young men into adulthood.[3][4][5]
Evala is the penultimate element of this initiation rite, during which young men are separated from their families for one week, residing in special huts where they are fed and subject to mental training. Prior to wrestling, participants go on a pilgrimage which involves climbing three mountains; those who do not complete it are not initiated into adulthood. Although wrestlers are initiated regardless of whether they win or not, losing is considered shameful to the family name. The last of these initiation rites is circumcision.[citation needed]
Notable people
The country's former president, Gnassingbé Eyadema, who took power in a coup, was of Kabye ethnicity.[1] Togo is now led by Eyadema's son, Faure Gnassingbé.
Angèle Patassé, the Togolese-born former First Lady of the Central African Republic, was also a member of the Kabye people.[6]
References
- ^ a b c d Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates (2010). Encyclopedia of Africa. Oxford University Press. p. 625. ISBN 978-0-19-533770-9.
- ^ a b Paul Humphrey; et al. (2001). Peoples of Africa, Volume 10: Togo-Zimbabwe. Marshall Cavendish. p. 533. ISBN 978-0-7614-7168-4.
- ^ Jim Hudgens, Richard Trillo, and Nathalie Calonnec (2003). The rough guide to West Africa (4th ed.). Rough Guides. ISBN 1-84353-118-6.
- ^ Gemma Pitcher, David Andrew, Kate Armstrong, James Bainbridge, Tim Bewer, and Jean-Bernard Carillet (2007). Africa (11th ed.). Lonely Planet. pp. 524. ISBN 1-74104-482-0.
- ^ "Initiation wrestling in Togo". 10 September 2019. Retrieved 2019-09-10 – via The African.
- ^ "Décès à Lomé de l'épouse de l'ex-président centrafricain A. F. Patassé". Xinhua. Sagonet. 2007-12-06. Archived from the original on 2015-04-15. Retrieved 2023-08-28.
Further reading
- Samuel Decalo (1987). "Evala". Historical dictionary of Togo (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. pp. 88. ISBN 9780810819542.
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