Geographic data and information
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Geographic data and information is defined in the ISO/TC 211 series of standards as data and information having an implicit or explicit association with a location relative to Earth (a geographic location or geographic position).[1][2] It is also called geospatial data and information,[citation needed] georeferenced data and information,[citation needed] as well as geodata and geoinformation.[citation needed]
Approximately 90% of government sourced data has a location component.[3] Location information (known by the many names mentioned here) is stored in a geographic information system (GIS).
There are also many different types of geodata, including vector files, raster files, geographic databases, web files, and multi-temporal data.
Spatial data or spatial information is broader class of data whose geometry is relevant but it is not necessarily georeferenced, such as in computer-aided design (CAD), see geometric modeling.
Fields of study
Geographic data and information are the subject of a number of overlapping fields of study, mainly:
"Geospatial technology" may refer to any of "geomatics", "geomatics", or "geographic information technology".
The above is in addition to other related fields, such as:
- Cartography
- Geodesy
- Geography
- Geostatistics
- Photogrammetry
- Remote sensing
- Spatial data analysis
- Surveying
- Topography
See also
- Earth observation data
- Geographic feature
- Georeferencing
- Geospatial intelligence
- Ubiquitous geographic information
References
- ^ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211
- ^ Geolexica, the authoritative glossary for geographic information technology from ISO/TC 211
- ^ Romero, Melissa (2017-11-07). "New Atlas tool has everything you need to know about Philly properties". Curbed. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
Further reading
- Roger A. Longhorn; Michael Blakemore (2007). Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption. CRC Press.
External links
Media related to Geographic data and information at Wikimedia Commons
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