The Night of the Generals

The Night of the Generals
Theatrical release poster
Directed by	Anatole Litvak
Screenplay by	Joseph Kessel Paul Dehn Gore Vidal (uncredited)
Based on	The Night of the Generals by Hans Hellmut Kirst and an incident written by James Hadley Chase
Produced by	Sam Spiegel Georges Lourau Anatole Litvak
Starring	Peter O'Toole Omar Sharif Tom Courtenay Donald Pleasence Joanna Pettet Philippe Noiret
Cinematography	Henri Decaë
Edited by	Alan Osbiston
Music by	Maurice Jarre
Production companies	Horizon Pictures Filmsonor
Distributed by	Columbia Pictures
Release dates	29 January 1967 (1967-01-29) (London premiere) 10 February 1967 (1967-02-10) (UK) 24 February 1967 (1967-02-24) (US) 1 April 1967 (1967-04-01) (France)
Running time	145 minutes
Countries	United Kingdom France United States
Language	English
Box office	$2,400,000 (US/ Canada rentals)

The Night of the Generals is a 1967 World War II mystery film directed by Anatole Litvak and produced by Sam Spiegel. It stars Peter O'Toole, Omar Sharif, Tom Courtenay, Donald Pleasence, Joanna Pettet, and Philippe Noiret. The screenplay by Joseph Kessel and Paul Dehn was loosely based on the beginning of the novel of the same name by German author Hans Hellmut Kirst. The writing credits also state the film is "based on an incident written by James Hadley Chase", referring to a subplot from Chase's 1952 novel The Wary Transgressor. Gore Vidal is said to have contributed to the screenplay, but was not credited onscreen. The film's musical score was composed by Maurice Jarre.

Plot

The murder of a prostitute, who was also a German agent, in German-occupied Warsaw in 1942 causes Major Grau of the Abwehr to start an investigation. His evidence soon points to the killer being one of three German generals: General von Seidlitz-Gabler; Major General Kahlenberge, von Seidlitz-Gabler's chief of staff; or General Tanz, a highly decorated officer and a favorite of Adolf Hitler. Grau's investigation is cut short by his sudden promotion and transfer to Paris at the instigation of these officers.

There are no further developments in the case until July 1944, when Grau and all three of the generals are in Paris at the same time. The city is a hotbed of intrigue, with senior Wehrmacht officers plotting to assassinate Hitler and overthrow the Nazi government. Kahlenberge is deeply involved in the plot, while Gabler is aware of its existence, but sitting on the fence, awaiting the outcome whilst having various extramarital affairs, and Tanz is unaware of the plot and remains totally loyal to Hitler. Tanz has transferred to the SS, and is a Waffen-SS General (SS-Obergruppenführer), in command of the SS-Panzer Division Nibelungen (a fictitious stand-in for the 12th SS Panzer Division).

On the night of 19 July 1944, Tanz orders his driver, Kurt Hartmann, to procure a French prostitute for him. Tanz butchers her and implicates Hartmann, but offers Hartmann the chance to desert, which he accepts. When Grau, who is now a Lieutenant Colonel, learns of the murder, committed in the same manner as the first, he resumes his investigation and concludes that Tanz is the killer. However, his timing is unfortunate, because the very next day the Wehrmacht officers attempt to assassinate Hitler, and, while Grau is accusing Tanz of murder face to face, word arrives that Hitler has survived, so Tanz kills Grau and labels him as one of the conspirators to cover his tracks.

In 1965, the murder of a prostitute in Hamburg draws the attention of Inspector Morand of Interpol, who worked with Grau in 1944 and owes Grau a debt of gratitude for not revealing his connection to the French Resistance during the war. Almost certain the killer of the prostitutes in Warsaw and Paris is at it again, Morand reopens the cold case and zeroes in on Tanz, who was recently released from prison after serving 20 years as a war criminal, as the killer of all three women and the man Grau suspected had framed Hartmann for the murder in Paris. Morand tries to find Hartmann, who is still in hiding, by talking to General Gabler's daughter Ulrike, who was known to be in a relationship with Heartmann during the war, and learns she is estranged from her parents and lives on a farm near Munich.

At a reunion dinner for Tanz's former panzer division, Morand confronts Tanz. When he produces Hartmann, who (apparently) is secretly married to Ulrike, as his witness, Tanz goes into a vacant room and shoots himself.

Cast

• Peter O'Toole as General Wilhelm Tanz
• Omar Sharif as Major (later Lt. Colonel) Grau
• Tom Courtenay as Lance Corporal Kurt Hartmann
• Donald Pleasence as General Klaus Kahlenberge
• Joanna Pettet as Ulrike von Seidlitz-Gabler, General Gabler's daughter
• Philippe Noiret as Inspector Morand
• Charles Gray as General Herbert von Seidlitz-Gabler
• Coral Browne as Eleonore von Seidlitz-Gabler, General Gabler's wife
• John Gregson as Colonel Sandauer, Tanz's adjutant
• Nigel Stock as Sergeant Otto Köpke, Kahlenberge's adjutant, and Hartmann's cousin
• Christopher Plummer as Field Marshal Erwin Rommel
• Juliette Gréco as Juliette, the singer in the underground Parisian restaurant
• Yves Brainville as Liesowski, a Warsaw police detective
• Sacha Pitoëff as Doctor in Warsaw
• Charles Millot as Wionczek, the witness to the murder in Warsaw
• Raymond Gerome as Colonel (War Room), who is part of the assassination plot
• Véronique Vendell as Monique, a Parisian prostitute
• Pierre Mondy as Kopatski, one of Tanz's orderlies
• Eléonore Hirt as Melanie Neumaier, General Gabler's secretary in Warsaw
• Nicole Courcel as Raymonde, the manager of the underground Parisian restaurant
• Jenny Orleans as Otto's wife
• Gérard Buhr as Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg
• Michael Goodliffe as Inspector Hauser of the Hamburg police
• Gordon Jackson as Captain Gottfried Engel, Grau's partner in Warsaw
• Patrick Allen as Colonel Mannheim, Grau's superior in Warsaw
• Harry Andrews as General Karl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel, the military governor of German-occupied France (uncredited)
• Jean Ozenne as the German general who talks with Rommel in the car (uncredited)
• Howard Vernon as Willi Schussnigg, the chief suspect in the murder of the prostitute in Hamburg (uncredited)
• Mac Ronay as Tanz's driver and security guard in Hamburg (uncredited)

Production

Both O'Toole and Sharif were hesitant to take their roles in the film, but, feeling they owed it to producer Sam Spiegel for making them international stars with Lawrence of Arabia, they did so anyway. Because they were held to the terms of an old contract agreement, O'Toole's and Sharif's combined salaries were, reportedly, less than that paid to Donald Pleasence.

Gore Vidal, one of the many writers of the script, claimed he urged Spiegel to hire a "new, hot director", but Spiegel, instead, chose the experienced Anatole Litvak, who owned the rights to the novel.

Although the film was a French-British-American international co-production, permission was granted for its first section to be shot behind the Iron Curtain on location in Warsaw, a rarity for a Western-made film at the time. The last scenes of the film were shot in Munich.

Reception

Bosley Crowther, in an unenthusiastic review for The New York Times, described the film as "a lurid and mordant screen account of the unmasking of a general officer who likes to disembowel prostitutes." He went on to say:

It is an engrossing exhibition that mainly gives Mr. O'Toole a chance to build up the tensions and the twitches of a sex maniac, with something of the glazed-eyed characteristic of those old vampires who used to suck blood. But once this phase is completed—once we know who the killer is and have made the obvious connection of his war crimes and his private deeds—the excitement of the picture is over. At least, it was for me.

External links

• The Night of the Generals at IMDb
• The Night of the Generals at the British Film Institute
• The Night of the Generals at the British Board of Film Classification
• The Night of the Generals at Rotten Tomatoes
• The Night of the Generals at the TCM Movie Database
• The Night of the Generals at AllMovie