Moskvitch DM

The Moskvitch DM (also known as UMZ-412 or UZAM-412) was an automobile engine developed by Avtomobilny Zavod imeni Leninskogo Komsomola (Lenin Komsomol Automobile Factory, AZLK) under the Moskvitch brand, for the Moskvich 412.^[1]

Design of the 1,478 cc (90.2 cu in)^[2] DM began in response to the increasing power of Western Europe's competitors to the just-introduced Moskvitch 408.^[3] The existing engine's displacement could not be enlarged profitably, so the AZLK team, led by Igor Okunev, started with a clean sheet.^[4] It had a very stiff five-bearing crankshaft, and a very high-mounted camshaft (resembling the Hillman Avenger).^[5] Oknuev, drawing on his experience in motorcycles, saw he could eliminate pushrods and raise the top rev limit, to 5,800 from the earlier engine's 4750.^[5]

The cam was chain-driven, and the block, head, sump, rocker cover, intake manifold, and other parts were aluminum.^[5] It weighed only 146 kg (322 lb), just 6 kg (13 lb) more than the previous 1,360 cc (83 cu in), but produced 75 hp (56 kW; 76 PS).^[5] It had removable cylinder liners, with both the aluminum oil pump and distributor driven off the crankshaft.^[2]

Prototype engines were delivered in 1964.^[5] It was tested in racing in summer 1966, before entering full production, in a higher tuned state, producing 92 hp (69 kW; 93 PS), in the Moskvitch G4M racer.^[5]

It was produced by Ufa Motorniy Avtomobilny Zavod (Ufa Automobile Engine Factory, UZAM), and the first production engine was completed 15 March 1966.^[2] It was first used in the Moskvitch 412 in March 1967.^[2] It was also supplied to IZH, which also assembled the 412.^[2]

The planned 1975 Moskvitch 356 was to use an enlarged 1,799 cc (109.8 cu in) version of the DM, with twin Zenith carburetors, giving 103 hp (77 kW; 104 PS).^[6] None was built.^[6]

This was followed by the 1975 four door fastback Moskvitch C1 (Series One), with a 1,702 cc (103.9 cu in) version of the DM, offering 81 hp (60 kW; 82 PS).^[7] It inspired the Moskvitch C3, which was very similar but a five-door hatchback.^[7] The engine would have been fitted at an angle from the vertical (like the Chrysler slant six).^[8] Neither project reached production.^[6]

Notes

^ Thompson, Andy. Cars of the Soviet Union (Haynes Publishing, Somerset, UK, 2008), p.145 & 147.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Thompson, p.149.
^ Thompson, p.145 & 147.
^ Thompson, p.137.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Thompson, p.147.
^ ^a ^b ^c Thompson, p.164.
^ ^a ^b Thompson, p.167.
^ Thompson, p.168.

Sources

Thompson, Andy. Cars of the Soviet Union. Somerset, UK: Haynes Publishing, 2008.

[1] Thompson, Andy. Cars of the Soviet Union (Haynes Publishing, Somerset, UK, 2008), p.145 & 147.

[Thompson,_p.149-2] Thompson, p.149.

[3] Thompson, p.145 & 147.

[4] Thompson, p.137.

[Thompson,_p.147-5] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Thompson, p.147.

[Thompson,_p.164-6] Thompson, p.164.

[Thompson,_p.167-7] Thompson, p.167.

[8] Thompson, p.168.

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