File copying
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In digital file management, file copying is the creation of a new file which has the same content as an existing file. Computer operating systems include file copying methods to users, with operating systems with graphical user interfaces (GUIs) often providing copy-and-paste or drag-and-drop methods of file copying. Operating systems may have specialized file copying APIs are usually able to tell the server to perform the copying locally, without sending file contents over the network, thus greatly improving performance.
Description
File copying is the creation of a new copy file which has the same content as an existing file.
Shadow
There are several different technologies that use the term file shadowing, but the intent of file shadowing within these technologies is to provide an exact copy (or mirror of a set) of data. For file shadowing to be effective, the shadow needs to exist in a separate physical location than the original data. Depending on the reasons behind the shadow operation, this location may be as close as a second harddrive in the same chassis or as far away as the other side of the globe.
Use
All computer operating systems include file copying provisions in the user interface, like the command, "cp" in Unix and "copy" in MS-DOS; operating systems with a graphical user interface, or GUI, usually provide copy-and-paste or drag-and-drop methods of file copying. File manager applications, too, provide an easy way of copying files.
Implementation
Internally, however, while some systems have specialized application programming interfaces (APIs) for copying files (like CopyFile and CopyFileEx in Windows API), others (like Unix and MS-DOS) fall back to simply reading the contents of the old file and writing it to the new file. This makes little difference with local files (those on the computer's hard drive), but provides an interesting situation when both the source and target files are located on a remote file server. Operating systems with specialized file copying APIs are usually able to tell the server to perform the copying locally, without sending file contents over the network, thus greatly improving performance. Those systems that have no comparable APIs, however, have to read the file contents over the network, and then send them back again, over the network. Sometimes, remote file copying is performed with a specialized command, like "ncopy" in MS-DOS clients for Novell NetWare. An even more complicated situation arises when one needs to copy files between two remote servers. The simple way is to read data from one server, and then to write the data to the second server.
See also
References
 | This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (January 2018) |
- N-level file shadowing and recovery in a shared file system, United States Patent 5043876
- Method of file shadowing among peer systems, United States Patent 5276871
- Database Shadow Files