Carl Grünberg

For the German entomologist, see Karl Grünberg.

Carl Grünberg
Born	(1861-02-10)February 10, 1861 Focșani, Romania
Died	February 2, 1940(1940-02-02) (aged 78) Frankfurt, Germany
Nationality	Romanian/Austrian/German

Carl Grünberg (February 10, 1861 – February 2, 1940) was a German Marxist philosopher of law and history.

Biography

Frontpage of Zeitschrift für Social- und Wirtgschaftsgeschichte, vol. 1 (1893)

Born in Focșani, Romania in a Jewish-Bessarabia German family, Grünberg studied law in Strasbourg and worked as an advocate. Later he studied political economy in Vienna. Among his academic teachers were Gustav Schmoller in Strasbourg and Lorenz von Stein and Anton Menger in Vienna. In 1894, he became academic reader for political law and economy at the University of Vienna. Grünberg was one of the founders of Austromarxism. Among his students were Otto Bauer, Rudolf Hilferding and Karl Renner. 1912 he got the chair for history of economy at the university of Vienna.

In 1924 he became the first director of the Institute for Social Research, later known as the Frankfurt School. He established and edited a journal of labour and socialist history, the Zeitschrift für Social- und Wirthschaftsgeschichte (1893) and the Archiv für die Geschichte des Sozialismus und der sozialen Bewegung (1911), a journal that is known today as the Grünberg-Archiv (Archive for the History of Socialism and the Workers' Movement). After having suffered from a stroke, he retired in 1929 and left the Institute to Max Horkheimer.

Works

• Die Bauernbefreiung: Und die Auflösung des Gutsherrlich-Bäuerlichen Verhältnisses in Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien (Leipzig 1893)
• Sozialismus, Kommunismus, Anarchismus (Jena 1897)
• Studien zur österreichischen Agrargeschichte (Leipzig 1901)

Literature

• Günther Nenning: Biographie Carl Grünberg. In: Archiv für die Geschichte des Sozialismus und der sozialen Bewegung. Indexband. Graz 1973. p. 1–224.