Centruroides
| Centruroides Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Striped bark scorpion (Centruroides vittatus) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | |
| Phylum: | |
| Class: | |
| Order: | |
| Family: | |
| Genus: | Centruroides Marx, 1890
|
| Diversity | |
| About 70 species | |
Centruroides is a genus of scorpions of the family Buthidae. Several North American species are known by the common vernacular name bark scorpion. Numerous species are extensively found throughout the southern United States, Mexico, Central America, the Antilles and northern South America.[1] Some are known for their interesting patterning or large size (among Buthidae); most if not all fluoresce strongly under ultraviolet illumination, except after moulting. They contain several highly venomous species, and fatalities are known to occur. The venom of the Mexican scorpion Centruroides limpidus limpidus contains the neurotoxins Cll1 and Cll2.
Taxonomy
The number of species accepted as valid may vary, depending on the authority. The genus is highly speciose, containing at least 70 species:[2][3]
- Centruroides alayoni Armas, 1999
- Centruroides anchorellus Armas, 1976
- Centruroides arctimanus (Armas, 1976)
- Centruroides baergi Hoffmann, 1932
- Centruroides balsasensis Ponce & Francke, 2004
- Centruroides bani Armas & Marcano Fondeur, 1987
- Centruroides baracoae Armas, 1976
- Centruroides barbudensis (Pockock, 1898)
- Centruroides bertholdii (Thorell, 1876)
- Centruroides bicolor (Pocock, 1898)
- Centruroides caribbeanus Teruel and Myers, 2017
- Centruroides chamulaensis Hoffmann, 1932
- Centruroides chiapanensis Hoffmann, 1932
- Centruroides edwardsii (Gervais, 1843)
- Centruroides elegans (Thorell, 1876)
- Centruroides exilicauda (Wood, 1863)
- Centruroides exilimanus Teruel & Stockwell, 2002
- Centruroides exsul (Meise, 1934)
- Centruroides fallassisimus Armas & Trujillo, 2010
- Centruroides farri Armas, 1976
- Centruroides flavopictus (Pocock, 1898)
- Centruroides fulvipes (Pocock, 1898)
- Centruroides galano Teruel, 2001
- Centruroides gracilis (Latreille, 1804)
- Centruroides granosus (Thorell, 1876)
- Centruroides guanensis Franganillo, 1930
- Centruroides hentzi (Banks, 1900)
- Centruroides hirsuticauda Teurel, 2011
- Centruroides hirsutipalpus Ponce-Saavedra & Francke, 2009
- Centruroides hoffmanni Armas, 1996
- Centruroides infamatus (C. L. Koch, 1844)
- Centruroides insulanus (Thorell, 1876)
- Centruroides jaragua Armas, 1999
- Centruroides jorgeorum Santiago-Blay, 2009
- Centruroides koesteri Kraepelin, 1911
- Centruroides limbatus (Pocock, 1898)
- Centruroides limpidus (Karsch, 1879)
- Centruroides luceorum Armas, 1999
- Centruroides mahnerti Lourenço, 1983
- Centruroides marcanoi Armas, 1981
- Centruroides margaritatus (Gervais, 1841)
- Centruroides mariaorum Santiago-Blay, 2009
- Centruroides meisei Hoffmann, 1939
- Centruroides melanodactylus Teruel, 2001
- Centruroides morenoi Mello-Leitao, 1945
- Centruroides navarroi Teruel, 2001
- Centruroides nigrescens (Pocock, 1898)
- Centruroides nigrimanus (Pocock, 1898)
- Centruroides nigropunctatus Teruel, 2006
- Centruroides nigrovariatus (Pocock, 1898)
- Centruroides nitidus (Thorell, 1876)
- Centruroides noxius Hoffmann, 1932
- Centruroides ochraceus (Pocock, 1898)
- Centruroides orizaba Armas & Martin-Frias, 2003
- Centruroides ornatus Pocock, 1902
- Centruroides pallidiceps Pocock, 1902
- Centruroides platnicki Armas, 1981
- Centruroides pococki Sissom & Francke, 1983
- Centruroides polito Teruel, 2007
- Centruroides rileyi Sissom, 1995
- Centruroides robertoi Armas, 1976
- Centruroides sasae Santiago-Blay, 2009
- Centruroides schmidti Sissom, 1995
- Centruroides sculpturatus Ewing, 1928
- Centruroides serrano Santibanez-Lopez & Ponce-Saavedra, 2009
- Centruroides sissomi Armas, 1996
- Centruroides spectatus Teruel, 2006
- Centruroides stockwelli Teruel, 2001
- Centruroides suffusus Pocock, 1902
- Centruroides tecomanus Hoffmann, 1932
- Centruroides testaceus (De Geer, 1778)
- Centruroides thorellii (Kraepelin, 1891)
- Centruroides tuxtla Armas, 1999
- Centruroides underwoodi Armas, 1976
- Centruroides vittatus (Say, 1821)
References
- ^ Sissom, W. D. & W. O. Lourenço (1987). "The genus Centruroides in South America (Scorpiones, Buthidae)" (PDF). Journal of Arachnology. 15: 11–28.
- ^ Rein, J. O. (2010). "Buthidae C. L. Koch, 1837". The Scorpion Files. Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet. Retrieved April 13, 2010.
- ^ Teruel, R. & F. Kovařík (2010). "The true identity of the enigmatic scorpion Centruroides subgranosus (Kraepelin, 1898), with some taxonomic comments on Centruroides vittatus (Say, 1821) and Centruroides suffusus Pocock, 1902 (Scorpiones: Buthidae)" (PDF). Euscorpius. 97: 1–9.