Abrolhos painted buttonquail
| Abrolhos painted buttonquail | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Charadriiformes |
| Family: | Turnicidae |
| Genus: | Turnix |
| Species: | |
| Subspecies: | T. v. scintillans
|
| Trinomial name | |
| Turnix varius scintillans (Gould, 1845)
| |
The Abrolhos painted buttonquail (Turnix varius scintillans) is a subspecies of the painted buttonquail endemic to the Houtman Abrolhos. It is common on North Island, and also occurs on other islands of the Wallabi Group, namely East Wallabi, West Wallabi, Seagull and Pigeon Islands.[1]
Ecology
The first recorded sighting of the bird by Europeans was during the third voyage of HMS Beagle. On 22 May 1840, the crew of the ship landed at North Island, which John Lort Stokes described thus:[2]
"The island was about a mile across, and nearly circular. It was surrounded by a range of hills, with a flat in the centre, covered with coarse grass, where a great many quails were flushed, affording good sport, but not a single wallaby."
Five years later, the subspecies was formally published by John Gould.
The subspecies is listed as "vulnerable" under the federal EPBC Act,[3] and as "fauna which is rare, or likely to become extinct" under Western Australia's Wildlife Conservation Act 1950. Islands where it breeds are considered to have a high conservation value. Rats and cats have been introduced to the ecosystem which may pose a threat to the population.[4]
Description
It lives amongst dunes and sand flats covered with Spinifex, saltbush and samphire, and avoids areas of limestone pavement. It obtains food such as insects and seeds by scratching in the surface soil, but also will collect scraps it can find.[5] It breeds from April to October. Its nest is a scrape in loose soil about ten centimetres wide and two centimetres deep, beneath vegetation. The species matures at one year and has a longevity of nine years.[1]
References
- ^ a b Storr, G. M.; Johnstone, R. E.; Griffin, P. (1986). "Birds of the Houtman Abholhos, Western Australia". Records of the Western Australian Museum (Supplement No. 24).
- ^ Stokes, John Lort (1846). Discoveries in Australia, Volume 2. London: T. and W. Boone. Retrieved 2007-11-18.
- ^ Turnix varius scintillans — Painted Button-quail (Houtman Abrolhos), Species Profile and Threats Database, Department of the Environment and Heritage, Australia.
- ^ Inventory of the Land Conservation Values of the Houtman Abrolhos Islands (PDF) (Report) (Fisheries Management Paper No. 151 ed.). Department of Fisheries, Government of Western Australia. October 2003. ISSN 0819-4327. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
- ^ Storr, G. M. (1965). "The physiography, vegetation and vertebrate fauna of the Wallabi Group, Houtman Abrolhos". Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia. 48: 1–14.