Lithophane ornitopus

Lithophane ornitopus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Noctuidae
Genus:	Lithophane
Species:	L. ornitopus
Binomial name
	Lithophane ornitopus; (Hufnagel, 1766)
Synonyms
	Phalaena ornitopus Hufnagel, 1766; Lithophane pitzalisi Hartig, 1976; Noctua rizolitha Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775; Lithophane lactipennis Dadd, 1911;

Lithophane ornitopus, the grey shoulder-knot, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Johann Siegfried Hufnagel in 1766. It is found in most of the Palearctic ecozone from Ireland east to Siberia.

Technical description and variation

The wingspan is 32–38 mm. Its forewings are grey white; a bifurcate black streak from base below cell; lines indistinct, pale with dotted edges; stigmata grey with partial black outlines and paler rings; the lower lobe of the reniform orange tinged; claviform sometimes connected by a black streak with outer line, and often a dark spot between the stigmata; submarginal line waved, white, preceded by dark marks; hindwing grey; the whiter forms are separated as ab. pallida Spul.^[1]

Biology

Adults are on wing from late August to November and, after overwintering, again from the end of February to mid-May. The larva are bluish green dotted with white; dorsal and subdorsal lines white; spiracular line yellowish white. The larvae feed on various deciduous trees, but mainly Quercus species.^[2] Larvae can be found from April to June. It overwinters as an adult.

Subspecies

Lithophane ornitopus ornitopus
Lithophane ornitopus pitzalisi Hartig, 1976 (Sardinia)

References

^ Seitz, A. Ed., 1914 Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde, Verlag Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart Band 3: Abt. 1, Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen eulenartigen Nachtfalter, 1914
^ Robinson, Gaden S.; Ackery, Phillip R.; Kitching, Ian J.; Beccaloni, George W.; Hernández, Luis M. (2010). "Search the database - introduction and help". HOSTS - A Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. Natural History Museum, London.

External links

Kimber, Ian. "73.202 BF2237 Grey Shoulder-knot Lithophane ornitopus (Dadd, 1911)". UKMoths. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
Savela, Markku. "Lithophane ornitopus (Hufnagel, 1766)". Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms. Retrieved July 3, 2019. Taxonomy
Fauna Europaea
Lepiforum e.V.
De Vlinderstichting (in Dutch)

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[1] Seitz, A. Ed., 1914 Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde, Verlag Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart Band 3: Abt. 1, Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen eulenartigen Nachtfalter, 1914

[2] Robinson, Gaden S.; Ackery, Phillip R.; Kitching, Ian J.; Beccaloni, George W.; Hernández, Luis M. (2010). "Search the database - introduction and help". HOSTS - A Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants. Natural History Museum, London.

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