Minor Scale
| Minor Scale | |
|---|---|
 Minor Scale fireball immediately after detonation. The F-4 Phantom aircraft in the foreground is 63 feet (19 m) long. | |
| Information | |
| Country | United States |
| Test site | White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico |
| Date | June 27, 1985 |
| Number of tests | 1 |
| Agency | Defense Nuclear Agency |
| Explosive | ANFO |
| Configuration | Segmented hemisphere |
| Yield | 4 kilotons of TNT (17 TJ) |
| Test chronology | |
Minor Scale was a test conducted on June 27, 1985, by the United States Defense Nuclear Agency (now part of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency) involving the detonation of several thousand tons of conventional explosives to simulate the explosion of a small nuclear bomb. The purpose of the test was to evaluate the effect of nuclear blasts on various pieces of military hardware, particularly new, blast-hardened launchers for the Midgetman ballistic missile.[1]
The test took place at the Permanent High Explosive Testing Grounds (33°37′12″N 106°28′30″W / 33.6201°N 106.4749°W) of the White Sands Missile Range in the state of New Mexico, for which 4744 tons of ANFO explosive (ammonium nitrate and fuel oil),[2][3] equivalent to 4 kilotons of TNT,[4] were used to roughly simulate the effect of an eight kiloton air-burst nuclear device. With a total energy release of about 1.7 ×1013 joules (or 4.2 kilotons of TNT equivalent), Minor Scale was reported as "the largest planned conventional explosion in the history of the free world",[5] surpassing another large conventional explosion, the "British Bang" disposal of ordnance on Heligoland in 1947, reported to have released 1.3 × 1013 joules of energy (about 3.2 kilotons of TNT equivalent).[6]
The Q&A released as part of the effort states: "Future tests are not expected to get bigger than Minor Scale", and in particular, "There are no plans for a test called Major Scale".[7]
See also
- High explosive nuclear effects testing, list of non-nuclear explosives tests
- Misty Picture, a similar test
- Operation Sailor Hat, a similar test that evaluated the effects of nuclear blasts on naval vessels
Notes
- ^ Summary of Minor Scale from nuclearfiles.org
- ^ TECH REPS INC ALBUQUERQUE NM (1986). "Minor Scale Event, Test Execution Report" (PDF).
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ J. Fitzgerald (1986). "Technical Report LA-10657-MS: Bistatic Phase Sounding in the Ionosphere above the Minor Scale Explosion" (PDF). Los Alamos National Labs.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Minor Scale Event Test Execution Report, p. 135
- ^ "Test Blast: Official Portrait".
- ^ Willmore, PL (1949). "Seismic Experiments on the North German Explosions, 1946 to 1947". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A. 242 (843). JSTOR: 123–151. doi:10.1098/rsta.1949.0007. JSTOR 91443.
- ^ Minor Scale Event, Test Execution Report, p. 137.