Euroregion
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In European politics, the term Euroregion usually refers to a transnational co-operation structure between two (or more) contiguous territories located in different European countries. Euroregions represent a specific type of cross-border region.[citation needed]
Scope
Euroregions usually do not correspond to any legislative or governmental institution or have direct political power. Their work is limited to the competencies of the local and regional authorities which constitute them. They are usually arranged to promote common interests across the border and cooperate for the common good of the border populations.[citation needed]
Criteria
The Association of European Border Regions sets the following criteria for the identification of Euroregions:[1]
- an association of local and regional authorities on either side of the national border, sometimes with a parliamentary assembly
- a transfrontier association with a permanent secretariat and a technical and administrative team with own resources
- of private law nature, based on non-profit-making associations or foundations on either side of the border in accordance with the respective national law in force
- of public law nature, based on inter-state agreements, dealing among other things, with the participation of territorial authorities
It is difficult to associate one legal framework with the term "Euroregion", as they operate across country borders and vary widely in their particular forms.[citation needed]
Naming conventions
The naming convention for Euroregions is as varied as the forms of the regions themselves. The most common local names for a Euroregion include euregio, euregion, euroregion, eurorégion, euroregión, euroregione, euro-região, ευρωπεριοχή, europaregion, euroregiune, grande région, еврорегион (evroregion), regio, conseil, or council.[citation needed]
List of Euroregions
The cooperating regions usually have different (local) names in each participating country. The regions are listed in alphabetical order of the corresponding English names. Listed are also the particular participating countries and the year the euroregion was founded.
| English name of the euroregion Other local names of the euroregion |
Participating countries |
Founded |
|---|---|---|
| Adriatic Ionian Euroregion | Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy, Montenegro, Slovenia | 2006 |
| Alps–Mediterranean Euroregion Euroregione Alpi Mediterraneo Eurorégion Alpes-Méditerranée |
France, Italy | 2007 |
| Archipelago (islands) committee Interreg Saaristo Interreg Skärgården |
Finland, Sweden | 1978 |
| ARKO (Arvika/Kongsvinger) euroregion |
Norway, Sweden | 1978 |
| Aquitaine–Basque Country Euroregion | France, Spain | 1982 |
| Euroregion Baltic http://euroregionbaltic.eu Euroregion Baltija Euroregion Bałtyk |
Denmark, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Sweden | 1998 |
| Euroregion Euromed | Italy, France, Spain, Greece, Malta, Cyprus | 2004 |
| Barents Euro-Arctic Council Barentsrådet |
Finland, Norway, Russia, Sweden | 1993 |
| Bavarian forest - Bohemian Forest / Šumava euroregion Euroregio Bayerischer Wald-Böhmerwald/Sumava Euroregion Šumava-Bavorský les |
Austria, Czech Republic, Germany | 1994 |
| Belasica euroregion | Bulgaria, Greece, Republic of North Macedonia | 2003 |
| "BENEGO" (Belgisch-Nederlands Grensoverleg = Belgian-Dutch border consultation) | Belgium, Netherlands | 1980 |
| Benelux-Middengebied Euroregion | Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands | 1984 |
| Beskydy Mountains euroregion Euroregion Beskidy Euroregión Beskidy |
Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia | 2000 |
| Black Sea Euroregion Euroregiunea Mării Negre Черноморски еврорегион |
Bulgaria, Romania | 2008 |
| Białowieża Forest Euroregion Euroregion Puszcza Białowieska |
Belarus, Poland | 2002 |
| Biharia Euroregion Euroregiunea Biharia Biharia Eurorégió |
Romania, Hungary | 2007? |
| Bug euroregion | Belarus, Poland, Ukraine | 1995 |
| Carpathian Euroregion Euroregiunea Carpatică Euroregion Karpacki Karpatský euroregión Kárpátok eurorégió Карпатський єврорегіон |
Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine | 1993 |
| Central North committee Mittnordenkommittén |
Finland, Norway, Sweden | 1977 |
| Cieszyn Silesia euroregion Euroregion Tešínské Slezsko Euroregion Śląsk Cieszyński |
Czech Republic, Poland | 1998 |
| Cross-channel euroregion (part of the Arc Manche regional network and assembly)[2] Kent & Nord Pas-de-Calais/Belgium Region Transmanche |
Belgium, France, United Kingdom | 1991 |
| Danube 21 euroregion | Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia | 1992 |
| Danube–Drava–Sava Euroregion | Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Hungary | 1998 |
| Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion Euroregiunea Dunăre-Criş-Mureş-Tisa Duna-Körös-Maros-Tisza Eurorégió Evroregija Dunav-Kriš-Moriš-Tisa |
Romania, Hungary, Serbia | 1997 |
| Dnepr euroregion | Ukraine, Russia, Belarus | 2003 |
| Euroregion Dniester | Ukraine, Moldova | 2012 |
| Dobrava euroregion | Czech Republic, Poland | 2001 |
| Donbas Euroregion[3] | Ukraine, Russia | 2010 |
| Drina-Sava-Majevica euroregion | Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia | 2003 |
| East Sussex/Seine-Maritime/Somme Euroregion (part of the Arc Manche regional network and assembly)[2] Rives-Manche Region |
France, United Kingdom | 1993 |
| Egrensis Euroregion EuroRegio Egrensis |
Czech Republic, Germany | 1993 |
| Elbe/Labe Euroregion EURORegion Elbe-Labe |
Czech Republic, Germany | 1992 |
| Ems Dollart Region Eems-Dollard Regio |
Germany, Netherlands | 1977 |
| "EUREGIO" Euregion Enschede-Gronau |
Germany, Netherlands | 1958 |
| Eurobalkans[4] | Bulgaria, Republic of Macedonia, Serbia | 2002 |
| EUROACE Euroregion Euroregião Alentejo-Região Centro-Extremadura Eurorregión Alentejo-Región Centro de Portugal-Extremadura |
Spain, Portugal | 2009 |
| Glacensis Euroregion Euroregion Pomezí Čech, Moravy a Kladska |
Czech Republic, Poland | 1996 |
| Galicia–North Portugal Euroregion Euro-região Galiza-Norte de Portugal Eurorrexión Galicia-Norte de Portugal |
Spain, Portugal | 2008 |
| Helsinki-Tallinn Euregio (Talsinki) | Estonia, Finland | 1999 |
| Inn-Salzach Euroregion Inn-Salzach EuRegio |
Austria, Germany | 1994 |
| Inntal Euroregion | Austria, Germany | 1998 |
| Insubria euroregion[5] Regio Insubria |
Italy, Switzerland | 1995 |
| International Lake Constance conference[6] Internationale Bodenseekonferenz |
Austria, Germany, Switzerland | 1972 |
| Ister-Granum Euroregion Ister-Granum Eurorégió |
Hungary, Slovakia | 2003 |
| Euregio Karelia | Finland, Russia | 2000 |
| Kvarken council Interreg Kvarken-MittSkandia Interreg Kvarken –MidtSkandia Interreg Merenkurkku-MittSkandia |
Finland, Norway, Sweden | 1972 |
| Mesta–Nestos euroregion | Bulgaria, Greece | 1997 |
| Meuse–Rhine Euroregion Euregio Maas-Rhein Euregio Maas-Rijn Eurégion Meuse-Rhin |
Belgium, Germany, Netherlands | 1976 |
| Neisse euroregion Euroregion Neisse-Nisa-Nysa Nysa, Nisa, Neisse Euroregion |
Czech Republic, Germany, Poland | 1991 |
| Neman euroregion Niemen (Nieman) Euroregion Euroregion Nemunas |
Belarus, Lithuania, Poland, Russia | 1997 |
| North Calotte Council Nordkalottrådet Pohjoiskalotin neuvosto |
Finland, Norway, Sweden | 1971 |
| Ore Mountains euroregion Euroregion Krušnohoří Euroregion Erzgebirge |
Czech Republic, Germany | 1992 |
| Øresund Region | Denmark, Sweden | 2000 |
| Østfold-Bohuslän/Dalsland euroregion Grensekomiteen Østfold Bohuslän/Dalsland Gränskommittén Østfold - Bohuslän/Dalsland |
Norway, Sweden | 1980 |
| Pomerania euroregion Euroregion Pomerania |
Denmark (suggested), Germany, Poland, Sweden | 1995 |
| Pomoraví - Záhorie - Weinviertel euroregion | Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia | 1999 |
| Praděd euroregion Euroregion Praděd Euroregion Pradziad |
Czech Republic, Poland | 1997 |
| Pro Europa Viadrina euroregion | Germany, Poland | 1993 |
| Pyrenees–Mediterranean Euroregion[7] Euroregió Pirineus Mediterrània Eurorregión Pirineos Mediterráneo Eurorégion Pyrénées-Méditerranée |
France, Spain | 2004[8] |
| Raetia Nova euroregion Nova Raetia |
Austria, Switzerland | ? |
| Region Southern Jutland-Schleswig Region Sønderjylland-Schleswig |
Denmark, Germany | 1997 |
| Rhine-Waal euroregion Euregio Rhein-Waal Euregio Rijn-Waal |
Germany, Netherlands | 1973 |
| Rhine-Meuse-North euroregion Euregio Rhein-Maas-Nord Euregio Rijn-Maas-Noord |
Germany, Netherlands | 1978 |
| Saar-Lorraine-Luxembourg-Rhin euroregion[9] | Germany, France, Luxembourg | 1995 |
| Salzburg-Berchtesgadener Land-Traunstein euroregion | Austria, Germany | 1993 |
| Scheldemond euroregion Conseil de l'Estuaire de l'Escaut |
Belgium, Netherlands | 1989 |
| Sea Alps euroregion[10] Euroregione “Alpi del Mare” Eurorégion des “Alpes de la Mer” |
France, Italy | 1990 |
| Silesia euroregion | Czech Republic, Poland | 1998 |
| Silva Nortica euroregion Euroregion Silva Nortica / Jihočeská Silva Nortica |
Austria, Czech Republic | 2002 |
| Spree-Neisse-Bober euroregion Sprewa-Nysa-Bóbr Euroregion |
Germany, Poland | 1992 |
| Tatras euroregion Euroregion Tatry Euroregión Tatry |
Poland, Slovakia | 1994 |
| Tornio River Valley Council The Tornedalen Council Tornedalsrådet Tornionlaakson Neuvosto |
Finland, Sweden | 1987 |
| Tyrol–South Tyrol–Trentino Euroregion Europaregion Tirol-Südtirol-Trentino Euregione Tirolo-Alto Adige-Trentino |
Austria, Italy | 1998 |
| TriRhena euroregion Regio TriRhena |
Germany, France, Switzerland | 1995 |
| Siret – Prut – Nistru euroregion Regiunea Siret - Prut - Nistru |
Romania, Republic of Moldova | 2000[11] |
| Stara Planina euroregion | Serbia, Bulgaria | 2006 |
| Superior Prut and Lower Danube euroregion Euroregiunea Dunărea de Jos |
Romania, Republic of Moldova and Ukraine | 1998 |
| Via Salina euroregion Ausserfern and Kleinwalsertal/Bregenzerwald Euregio |
Austria, Germany | 1997 |
| West/West Pannonia euroregion | Austria, Hungary | 1998 |
| White Carpathians euroregion Euroregion Bílé Karpaty Euroregión Biele Karpaty |
Czech Republic, Slovakia | 2000 |
| Zugspitze-Wetterstein-Karwendel euroregion | Austria, Germany | 1998 |
See also
- Eurodistrict
- European Grouping for Territorial Cooperation
- British–Irish Council
- North/South Ministerial Council
References
- ^ Council of Europe (date unknown). Local and Regional Democracy and Good Governance Website of the Council of Europe. Retrieved from http://www.coe.int/t/dgap/localdemocracy/Areas_of_Work/Transfrontier_Cooperation/Euroregions/What_is_en.asp.
- ^ a b "Bienvenue dans l'Arc MancheSommaire > ACTUALITES ET EVENEMENTS > A la Une". arcmanche.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-29.
- ^ http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/115462/
- ^ "EUROBALKANS - Cross Border Cooperation". eurobalkans.net.
- ^ Insubria#The Regio Insubrica Euroregion
- ^ - ibk. "Aktuell". bodenseekonferenz.org.
- ^ Pyrenees-Mediterranean euroregion website
- ^ "Cross-Border News" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-11-16. Retrieved 2019-08-22.
- ^ http://www.saarlorlux.org/cgi-bin/cms Archived 2007-12-12 at the Wayback Machine The business portal of SaarLorLux
- ^ Nekhem. "Eurocin G.E.I.E. - HOME PAGE". eurocin.eu.
- ^ International Centre for Democratic Transition, Sharing the Experiences of Visegrad Cooperation in the Western Balkans and the Eastern Partnership Countries - Summary and Conclusions, p.5.