Sarcochilus hirticalcar
| Harlequin orchid | |
|---|---|
_-_cropped.jpg)
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
| Genus: | Sarcochilus |
| Species: | S. hirticalcar
|
| Binomial name | |
| Sarcochilus hirticalcar | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Sarcochilus hirticalcar, commonly known as the harlequin orchid,[2] is a small epiphytic orchid endemic to Queensland. It has up to eight bright green leaves and up to twelve cream-coloured to bright yellow flowers with purplish to reddish brown bands.
Description
Sarcochilus hirticalcar is a small epiphytic herb with stems 20–40 mm (0.8–2 in) long with between two and ten leathery, linear or curved bright green leaves 50–120 mm (2.0–4.7 in) long and 10–15 mm (0.39–0.59 in) wide. Between two and twelve cream-coloured to bright yellow flowers with purplish to reddish bands, 7–8 mm (0.28–0.31 in) long and 10–12 mm (0.39–0.47 in) wide are arranged on a flowering stem 50–120 mm (2.0–4.7 in) long. The dorsal sepal is 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) long and 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) wide and the lateral sepals are slightly longer. The petals are 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) long and about 2.5 mm (0.098 in) wide. The labellum is 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) long and 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) wide and has three lobes. The side lobes are erect with purple stripes on the inside and the middle lobe is densely covered with white hairs. Flowering occurs between October and December but only up to three flowers are open at once.[2][3][4]
Taxonomy and naming
The harlequin orchid was first formally described in 1967 by Alick Dockrill who gave it the name Parasarcochilus hirticalcar and published the description in Australasian Sarcanthinae.[5] In 1998 Mark Clements and Benjamin John Wallace changed the name to Sarcochilus hirticalcar.[6] The specific epithet (hirticalcar) is derived from the Latin words hirtus meaning "hairy", "rough" or "shaggy"[7]: 391 and calcar meaning "a spur".[7]: 621
Distribution and habitat
Sarcochilus hirticalcar grows on trees in rainforest and along rivers, often growing on Dillenia alata. It is only known from the McIlwraith Range where it grows at altitudes of between 300 and 600 m (1,000 and 2,000 ft).[2][3]
References
- ^ a b "Sarcochilus hirticalcar". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ a b c Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 450. ISBN 1877069124.
- ^ a b "Sarcochilus hirticalcar". Trin keys: Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
- ^ "Approved Conservation Advice for Sarcochilus hirticalcar" (PDF). Australian Government Department of the Environment. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
- ^ "Parasarcochilus hirticalcar". APNI. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
- ^ "Sarcochilus hirticalcar". APNI. Retrieved 5 January 2019.
- ^ a b Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.