4-Chlorophenol
Appearance
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Names | |
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IUPAC name
4-Chlorophenol
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Other names
p-Chlorophenol
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Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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3DMet | |
507004 | |
ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.094 |
EC Number |
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2902 | |
KEGG | |
PubChem CID
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |
UN number | 2020 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |
C6H5ClO | |
Molar mass | 128.56 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | White solid |
Density | 1.31 g/cm3 |
Melting point | 42.8 °C (109.0 °F; 315.9 K) |
Boiling point | 217 °C (423 °F; 490 K) |
27.1 g/L | |
Refractive index (nD)
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1.5579 |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
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Danger | |
H290, H301, H302, H312, H314, H332, H411 | |
P234, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P310, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P321, P322, P330, P363, P390, P391, P404, P405, P501 | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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4-Chlorophenol is an organic compound with the formula ClC6H4OH. It is one of three monochlorophenol isomers. It is a colorless or white solid that melts easily and exhibits significant solubility in water. Its pKa is 9.14.
Preparation and reaction
It is prepared by chlorination of phenol, preferably in polar solvents, which tends to yield the 4-chloro derivative. Direct chlorination of molten phenol favors the formation of 2-chlorophenol.[1]
It once was produced on a large scale as a precursor to hydroquinone.[1] It is a classic precursor, upon reaction with phthalic anhydride, to quinizarin.[2] The commercial dye quinizarin is produced by the reaction of phthalic anhydride and 4-chlorophenol followed by hydrolysis of the chloride.[3]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Clofibrate.svg/220px-Clofibrate.svg.png)
References
- ^ a b "Chlorophenols". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. 2011. doi:10.1002/14356007.a07_001.pub2. ISBN 978-3527306732.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
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ignored (help) - ^ Bigelow, L. A.; Reynolds, H. H. (1926). "Quinizarin". Org. Synth. 6: 78. doi:10.15227/orgsyn.006.0078.
- ^ Bien, H.-S.; Stawitz, J.; Wunderlich, K. "Anthraquinone Dyes and Intermediates". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a02_355. ISBN 978-3527306732.