Lochmaben Castle
| Lochmaben Castle | |
|---|---|
| Lochmaben, Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland UK grid reference NY088811 | |
 The castle in 2008 | |
  Lochmaben Castle | |
| Coordinates | 55°06′59″N 3°25′45″W / 55.116287°N 3.429248°W |
| Site information | |
| Owner | Historic Scotland |
| Open to the public | Yes |
| Condition | Ruined |
| Site history | |
| Built | 13th/14th century; rebuilt 1488-1513 |
| Built by | Edward I |
| Materials | Stone |
Lochmaben Castle is a ruined castle in the town of Lochmaben, the feudal Lordship of Annandale, and the united county of Dumfries and Galloway. It was built by Edward I in the 13th and 14th centuries, and later rebuilt during the reign of James IV of Scotland. An earlier motte-and-bailey castle was built south of the current castle in c. 1160 by the Bruce family, Lords of Annandale.
King Edward replaced the older motte and bailey castle with a much sturdier structure at the south end of Castle Loch around 1300 and its remains still show the massive strength of its defences. Archibald Douglas, Lord of Galloway, with the assistance of the Earls of March and Douglas, after a siege of nine days, took Lochmaben Castle from the English and "razed it to the ground" on 4 February 1384/5. The castle and barony became a possession of the Earls of March, but when the 10th Earl was forfeited and then reinstated, in 1409, it is noted that it was "with the exception of the castle of Lochmaben and the Lordship of Annandale" which by July 1455 was in the possession of Alexander Stewart, Duke of Albany, etc.,(d.1485). Following his death both the Lordship and the castle were annexed to the Crown by Act of Parliament dated October 1, 1487.[1]
On 16 January 1509 Robert Lauder of The Bass was appointed Captain and Keeper of Lochmaben for three years.[2]
James VI besieged Lochmaben with the assistance of English forces in 1588. Gunpowder was sent from Edinburgh.[3] The keeper David Maxwell and five others were hanged. One of the king's soldiers was shot in the leg.[4] In June 1592 Francis Stewart, 5th Earl of Bothwell dressed as a woman, managed to infiltrate into the castle and was able to capture the castle.[5]
In 1605 the Depute Lieutenant of the Borders, Sir William Cranstoun of that Ilk (later 1st Lord Cranstoun), was Keeper of Lochmaben Castle.[6]
Lochmaben Castle remained important and had a turbulent history until some time after the early 17th century by which time it had seen its last siege and was gradually abandoned. It is now protected as a scheduled monument.[7]
Lord Mansfield, the Earl of Mansfield, is the Hereditary Keeper of Bruce’s Castle of Lochmaben [8]
Popular Culture
The castle features in The Scottish Chiefs.[9]
References
- ^ Cokayne, G. E., The Complete Peerage by G. E. Cokayne, edited by the Hon. Vicary Gibbs, vol. 1, London, 1910, pp. 80-1.
- ^ M. Livingstone, The Register of the Privy Seal of Scotland: 1488-1529, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1908), pp. 273-4 no. 1799.
- ^ John Marwick, Extracts from the Burgh Records of Edinburgh: 1573-1589 (Edinburgh, 1882), p. 523.
- ^ Calendar State Papers Scotland, vol. 9 (Edinburgh, 1916), p. 573: See also National Records of Scotland treasurer's accounts, for mention of trenches.
- ^ Border Papers, vol. 1 (Edinburgh, 1894), p. 397.
- ^ James Balfour Paul,The Scots' Peerage, under 'Cranstoun' pps:592/3.
- ^ Historic Environment Scotland. "Lochmaben Peel and Castle (SM90205)". Retrieved 25 February 2019.
- ^ "Rich in Scottish History". Scone Palace. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
- ^ Porter, Jane (1921). The Scottish Chiefs. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 259-261. ISBN 9780684193403.
Additional Reading
- Coventry, Martin (2001) The Castles of Scotland, 3rd Ed. Scotland: Goblinshead ISBN 1-899874-26-7
External links
- Historic Environment Scotland: Visitor guide
