Great Basilica, Pliska

The Great Basilica of Pliska (Bulgarian: Голяма базилика в Плиска, Golyama bazilika v Pliska) is an architectural complex in Pliska, the first capital of the First Bulgarian Empire, which includes a cathedral, an archbishop's palace and a monastery. Completed around 875, the basilica was the largest Christian cathedral in Europe around 1000 years, with an area of 2,920 square metres (31,400 sq ft)

The basilica was built at the place of what is known as the Cross-shaped Mausoleum, an older religious building that is thought by some researchers to be an unknown kind of Bulgar heathen temple. According to the Shumen architectural museum's research, an early Christian martyrium that included a cross-shaped church and a holy spring also existed at that place. The martyr buried there is thought to be Enravota, the first Bulgarian saint. The martyrium is thought to have been destroyed in 865 during the failed rebellion of the heathens in the wake of the Christianization of Bulgaria. Other researchers, however, regard the cross-shaped remains as a mausoleum of early Bulgarian rulers.

The archbishop's residence lay to the north and south of the basilica: the northern yard hosted a residential building, with a bath with a hypocaust lay to the west of it. The building to the south of the cathedral accommodated a school and a scriptorium. Two necropoleis are located in the vicinity of the complex: a monastical necropolis lies to the southwest of the church, while a secular one intended for nobles was unearthed in front of the basilica's apse. The yard north of the basilica also accommodated monastical buildings with a kitchen and a dining room. The eastern part of the yard was allocated for a residential building with ten identical monastical cells. Another bath with a hypocaust, a cross-shaped one, and a well lay in the centre of that yard.

Gallery

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  The basilica
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  The basilica's narthex
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  Left part of the altar
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  Sarcophagi near the altar
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  An authentic small-scale model of the basilica
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  Plan

References

• Иванов, Иван (2005). "Първата столица на Дунавска България". По пътя на българския етноним (in Bulgarian). Алфамаркет. ISBN 978-954-91107-3-9.
• Василев, Явор (2006-08-04). "Мавзолeят в Плиска — енигмата на старата столица" (in Bulgarian). Actualno.com. Archived from the original on 2010-01-21. Retrieved 2009-08-02.
• Василев, Явор (2007). "Кръстовидната сграда под Голямата базилика в Плиска. Факти, хипотези, проблеми" (in Bulgarian). Retrieved 2009-08-02.