Yan'an faction

The Yan'an faction (Korean: 연안파; Hancha: 延安派; RR: yeonanpa) were a group of pro-China communists in the North Korean government after the division of Korea following World War II.

The group were involved in a power struggle with pro-Soviet factions but Kim Il-sung was eventually able to defeat both factions and dominate the North Korean government which allowed him to push for unification during the Korean War. "Yeonan" is the Korean reading of Yan'an, a town in China that formed the base of the Communist Party of China during the Chinese Civil War.

Led first by Mu Chong and then by Kim Tu-bong and Choe Chang-ik, the Korean exiles had lived in China's Shaanxi province and joined the Communist Party of China whose regional headquarters were at Yan'an.

They had formed their own party, in exile, the North-Chinese League for the Independence of Korea. In the autumn of 1945, the Soviet Union allowed some 4,000 Koreans who had joined the Chinese communist movement to fight with the PLA to return to North Korea, though they disarmed them.^[1] They then formed the New People's Party which merged with the Communist Party in 1946 to form the Workers Party of North Korea. Many members of the Yan'an faction had fought in the Chinese Eighth Route Army and New Fourth Army and thus had close relations with Mao Zedong.

Influence

The group included thirty Korean People's Army (KPA) generals by the time the Korean War started. Mu Chong was vice marshal at the Ministry of Defence, Pak Il-wu was minister of internal affairs, and deputy commander North Korea-China Combined Forces Command. Kim Ung was KPA front commander in 1951, Pang Ho-san, Ri Kwom-mu and Kim Chang-tok were corps commanders.^[1]

List

References

^ ^a ^b Rober M. Collins (2014). "Korean People's Army". The Ashgate Research Companion to the Korean War. Ashgate research companions. Professor Donald W Boose Jr, Professor James I Matray (editors). Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 257. ISBN 9781472405838.

Christine Bragg: Korea, Vietnam and US Foreign Policy 1945-75, Heinemann, 2005 ISBN 0-435-32708-9
David Noack: Das Wendejahr (The turn-around year), junge Welt, 3 December 2011 (German)

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[Ashgate-1] Rober M. Collins (2014). "Korean People's Army". The Ashgate Research Companion to the Korean War. Ashgate research companions. Professor Donald W Boose Jr, Professor James I Matray (editors). Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. p. 257. ISBN 9781472405838.

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