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Mana, French Guiana

Coordinates: 5°40′11″N 53°46′41″W / 5.6697°N 53.778°W / 5.6697; -53.778
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Mana
Commune
The church of Saint-Joseph of Mana
The church of Saint-Joseph of Mana
Location of the commune (in red) within French Guiana
Location of the commune (in red) within French Guiana
Location of Mana
Map
Coordinates: 5°40′11″N 53°46′41″W / 5.6697°N 53.778°W / 5.6697; -53.778
CountryFrance
Overseas region and departmentFrench Guiana
ArrondissementSaint-Laurent-du-Maroni
CantonMana
IntercommunalityOuest Guyanais
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Albéric Benth
Area
1
6,333 km2 (2,445 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[1]
11,764
 • Density1.9/km2 (4.8/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC−03:00
INSEE/Postal code
97306 /97360
Elevation5 m (16 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Mana is a commune and town in French Guiana. It was founded on 16 August 1828 by Sister Anne-Marie Javouhey.[2] It borders the river Mana, from where it gets its name; and is nearby the river Maroni. Mana is the primary producer of rice in French Guiana, which it exports to Suriname.[3]

On 31 December 1988, about 3% of the territory of Mana was detached and became the commune of Awala-Yalimapo.[4] Awala-Yalimapo is inhabited by Galibi Amerindians.[5]

History

The first settlement of people from Jura failed in alcoholism and disease. In 1828, the Ministry of the Navy and Colonies sent Sister Anne-Marie Javouhey to colonize the area.[2] Javouhey set out to build a viable community based on agriculture and invited black traders to settle,[6] which was not the white colony as the Ministry envisioned. When 20 escaped slaves settled in the area, she bought them from their owners.[2]

In 1833, Governor Jean Jubelin visited Mana, and appreciated the efforts and progress. Jubelin arranged for orphans to be sent to Mana and the establishment of a leper colony in Acarouany. In 1838, the colony faced a manpower shortage. Javouhey suggested to educate and train 3,000 children of the slaves. The government refused to subsidize the plan, and Javouhey left in 1843.[2]

On 15 October 1950, Sister Anne-Marie Javouhey was beatified by Pope Pius XII.[7]

In 1978, Javouhey was founded as the second Hmong resettlement village in French Guiana. The village is on a former agricultural colony founded by Anne-Marie Javouhey.[8]

Nature

In 1996, La Trinité National Nature Reserve was founded. It covers 76,903 hectares and is primary tropical rain forest located in the heart of the Guyana plateau forest.[9]

Economy

The economy of the area is based on agriculture,[3] and gold mining.[10] Mines in the commune include Coulor,[11] Délices.[12] and Montagne d'Or.[13]

Villages

See also

References

  1. ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d "Guide Mana". Petit Futé (in French). Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  3. ^ a b "La filière rizicole de Guyane : évolution et perspectives" (PDF). Institut d’Emission des Départements d’Outre-Mer (in French). 2007. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  4. ^ "Guyane, Historie". Petit Futé (in French). Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  5. ^ "Guide Awala-Yalimapo". Petit Futé (in French). Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  6. ^ "Mana, précurseurse depuis toujours". Le Jour du Seigneur (in French). Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  7. ^ ""Anne-Marie Javouhey"". Pontifical Missionaries Societies (in French). Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  8. ^ "Des Hmongs en Guyane". ANAI Asso.org (National Association of Elders and Friends of Indochina) (in French). Retrieved 31 May 2020.
  9. ^ "Historique Réserve Naturelle La Trinité" (in French). Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  10. ^ "Paris to decide fate of 'mega' gold mine in forests of French Guiana". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  11. ^ "Permis Exclusif de Recherches dit « Permis Coulor » dans le département de Guyane Compagnie Minière Espérance" (PDF). economie.gouv.fr (in French). 27 June 2013. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  12. ^ "Auplata annonce la signature d'un protocole pour l'acquisition de la mine de Délices en Guyane Française" (PDF). Auplata Mining Group (in French). Retrieved 3 June 2020.
  13. ^ "Presentation Generale". Montagne dOr.fr. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
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