Iris orchioides
| Iris orchioides | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Iridaceae |
| Genus: | Iris |
| Subgenus: | Iris subg. Scorpiris |
| Section: | Iris sect. Scorpiris |
| Species: | I. orchioides
|
| Binomial name | |
| Iris orchioides | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Juno orchioides (Carrière) Vved. | |
Iris orchioides, the 'orchid iris,'[2] is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Scorpiris. It is a bulbous perennial, from the mountains of Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. It has dark green leaves, slender stems, up to 3 yellow flowers in spring. It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.
Description
Iris orchioides grows up to 15 to 30 cm (6 to 12 in) tall.[3] Its stem is hidden by channeled leaves until the flowers fade.[4] It has between 5-7,[5] dark green,[6] broad leaves that grow up to 6-8 inches tall.[5]
It has up to 3 yellow flowers on its stem.[7] The flowers vary in shading, from deep yellow[4] to creamy-yellow[5] to a translucent pale yellow, between March and May.[3]
It has a big winged haft (the narrow constricted part of the standards (petals) and falls (sepals) near the center of the iris flower)[7] which are about 2-cm (1") wide.[4] It also has hairs on the ridge of the falls (which are very similar in look to a beard (of a bearded iris).[7] It has standards are 1/2 inches wide and linear.[5]
It has cylindrical capsules and seeds without arils.[8] These are similar to Iris bucharica and Iris warleyensis have cubiform seeds,[9]
Taxonomy
It is commonly called the 'orchid iris'.[2]
It is called 'Ukrop' in its native Kazakh.[10]
It was first published and described by (French botanist) Élie-Abel Carrière in 'Revue Horticole'(Paris) in 1880).[11]
It was listed in 1995 in 'Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR)' by Czerepanov, S. K.[12]
Iris orchioides is an accepted name by the RHS.[2]
It is often mistakenly, to be a yellow form of Iris bucharica[3] or Iris tienshanica (a synonym of Iris loczyi (Kanitz.))[1] also from Kazakhstan).[10]
'Iris orchioides var. caerulea' (Baker) is a synonym of Iris vicaria (Vved.).[1]
It was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 2 October 2014.[13]
It is listed in the Encyclopedia of Life.[14]
Iris orchioides is an accepted name by the RHS.[2]
Distribution and habitat
It is native to temperate Asia.[13]
Range
It is found in the mountains of Central Asia.[3] It has been found in Tashkent in Uzbekistan[6] and Kyrgyzstan.[4][13]
Habitat
It likes the stoney soils of the foothills.[8]
Cultivation
It is hardy to USDA Zone 5.[5]
It is best grown in an alpine house of bulb frame.[4]
It prefers to grow in full sun.[5]
Known cultivars
- Iris orchioides 'Sulphurea'
Found in 1990, has canary-yellow flowers.[15]
- Iris orchioides 'Khirghizian Gold'[16]
Toxicity
Like many other irises, most parts of the plant are poisonous (rhizome and leaves), if mistakenly ingested can cause stomach pains and vomiting. Also handling the plant may cause a skin irritation or an allergic reaction.[17]
References
- ^ a b c "Juno orchioides". www.theplantlist.org. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
- ^ a b c d "Iris orchioides Carrière". www.rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 13 August 2014.
- ^ a b c d Austin, Claire (2005). Irises: A Gardener's Encyclopedia. Timber Press, Incorporated. ISBN 978-0881927306. OL 8176432M.}
- ^ a b c d e "IRIS FLEUR-DE-LYS Iridaceae (Iris family)". www.hillkeep.ca. 12 May 2008. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
- ^ a b c d e f "Iris cycloglossa". navigate.botanicgardens.org (Denver Botanic Gardens). Retrieved 18 August 2014.
- ^ a b "Iris orchioides". www.signa.org (Species Iris Group of North America). Retrieved 28 August 2014.
- ^ a b c "North American Rock Garden Society Fall Newsletter" (PDF). September 2006. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
- ^ a b British Iris Society (1997)A Guide to Species Irises: Their Identification and Cultivation , p. 255, at Google Books
- ^ Dykes, W.R. A handbook of Garden Irises. London: Martin Hopkinson Company Ltd. p. 89. ISBN 978-0913728086. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
- ^ a b Anna PavordThe Naming of Names: The Search for Order in the World of Plants at Google Books
- ^ "Iris orchioides". apps.kew.org. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
- ^ Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR), p. 281, at Google Books
- ^ a b c "Iris orchioides". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
- ^ "Iris orchioides". eol.org. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
- ^ "(Spec) 'Orchioides Sulphurea [sic]'". wiki.irises.org. 3 December 2013. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
- ^ "Iris a orchioides KHIRGHIZIAN GOLD (Code: 386)". rarebulbs.lv. 2013. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
- ^ David G Spoerke and Susan C. SmolinskeToxicity of Houseplants, p. 236, at Google Books
Other sources
- Czerepanov, S. K. 1995. Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR). [= Juno orchioides (Carrière) Vved.].
- Khassanov, F. O. & N. Rakhimova. 2012. Taxonomic revision of the genus Iris L. (Iridaceae Juss.) for the flora of Central Asia. Stapfia 97:177.
- Komarov, V. L. et al., eds. 1934–1964. Flora SSSR.
- Mathew, B. 1981. The Iris. 157–158.
External links
Data related to Iris orchioides at Wikispecies