Antiporter
An antiporter (also called exchanger or counter-transporter) is a cotransporter and integral membrane protein involved in secondary active transport of two or more different molecules or ions across a phospholipid membrane such as the plasma membrane in opposite directions, one into the cell and one out of the cell. Na+/H+ antiporters have been reviewed.[1]
In secondary active transport, one species of solute moves along its electrochemical gradient, allowing a different species to move against its own electrochemical gradient. This movement is in contrast to primary active transport, in which all solutes are moved against their concentration gradients, fueled by ATP.
Transport may involve one or more of each type of solute. For example, the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, found in the plasma membrane of many cells, moves three sodium ions in one direction, and one calcium ion in the other.
See also
References
- ^ Padan, Etana; Landau, Meytal (2016). "Chapter 12. Sodium-Proton (Na+/H+) Antiporters: Properties and Roles in Health and Disease". In Astrid, Sigel; Helmut, Sigel; Roland K.O., Sigel (eds.). The Alkali Metal Ions: Their Role in Life. Metal Ions in Life Sciences. Vol. 16. Springer. pp. 391–458. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-21756-7_12.
External links
- Antiporters at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Pak, J. E.; Ekende, E. N.; Kifle, E. G.; et al. (Nov 12, 2013). "Structures of intermediate transport states of ZneA, a Zn(II)/proton antiporter". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 110 (46): 18484–18489. doi:10.1073/pnas.1318705110. PMC 3832018. PMID 24173033.
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