German Football League 2
| Sport | American football |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1982 |
| No. of teams | 16 (15 in 2019 season) |
| Country |  Germany |
| Most recent champion(s) | North: Düsseldorf Panther South: Ravensburg Razorbacks |
| Official website | gfl.info |
The German Football League 2 (GFL) is the second tier of American football in Germany, below the German Football League. Until 2007, the league was known as the 2. Bundesliga.[1]
League structure
The GFL 2, formerly the 2. Bundesliga, which was formed in 1982,[2] is divided into a northern and southern division, which eight teams in each division. Unlike the GFL, there are no inter conference games and no GFL 2 champion is determined.
For the 2011 season, both the northern and the southern champions were promoted, while the runners-up of the two divisions played the last placed team in the GFL division above for another spot in the league in 2012.[3] Since then the two division champions play a home-and-away series for a place each in the northern and southern division of the GFL.
Below the GFL 2, six Regionalligas, Regional Leagues, are set, North, South, West, Central and East. Four teams each are promoted each season from the Regionalliga to the GFL 2. However, additional spots may become available if teams resign from either the GFL or the GFL 2.[2]
Promotion to the GFL 2 is achieved through a promotion round at the end of the Regionalliga season which includes the best Regionalliga teams. For the southern division of the GFL 2 the champions of the southern and central division of the Regionalliga play the runners-up from the other division with the winners of each contest being promoted. For the northern GFL 2 division the champions of the Regionalliga divisions north, west and east play each other once to determine the two promoted teams.
League history
The league was formed as the 2nd American Football Bundesliga in 1982, consisting of 16 clubs in three regional divisions. League strength varied from season to season after this, but the three division format was retained until 1986, when a fourth regional group was added.[2]
In 1995, the league was reduced to two divisions with seven clubs each. The strength was increased to eight teams per division in 1998 but continued to fluctuate because of teams withdrawing.[2]
Promotion to the GFL 2 is achieved through the promotion round of the best Regionalliga clubs whereby the champions from the south plays the runners-up from central division and the champions from central the runners-up from the south. The winners of these two contests earn a place in the southern division of the GFL 2 for the following season. In the north the champions Of the Regionalliga divisions North,
GFL 2 Teams in 2019
GFL 2 North
| Team | City | State |
| Elmshorn Fighting Pirates | Elmshorn | Schleswig-Holstein |
| Hamburg Huskies | Hamburg | Hamburg |
| Hannover Spartans | Hannover | Lower Saxony |
| Langenfeld Longhorns | Langenfeld | North Rhine-Westphalia |
| Lübeck Cougars | Lübeck | Schleswig-Holstein |
| Rostock Griffins | Rostock | Mecklenburg-Vorpommern |
| Solingen Paladins | Solingen | North Rhine-Westphalia |
| Troisdorf Jets | Troisdorf | North Rhine-Westphalia |
GFL 2 South
| Team | City | State |
| Biberach Beavers | Biberach | Baden-Württemberg |
| Darmstadt Diamonds | Darmstadt | Hesse |
| Gießen Golden Dragons | Gießen | Hesse |
| Ravensburg Razorbacks | Ravensburg | Baden-Württemberg |
| Saarland Hurricanes | Saarbrücken | Saarland |
| Straubing Spiders | Straubing | Bavaria |
| Wiesbaden Phantoms | Wiesbaden | Hesse |
GFL 2 season placings
The placings in the league since 2000:[2][4][5][6]
North
| GFL 2 North | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
| New Yorker Lions | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL |
| Dresden Monarchs | 4 | 2 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL |
| Kiel Baltic Hurricanes | GFL | GFL | GFL | 2 | 1 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | |
| Berlin Rebels | 2 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 1 | GFL | 2 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | |||||
| Hildesheim Invaders | 7 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | |||||||||||
| Cologne Crocodiles | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | 3 | 4 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | ||||||||||
| Potsdam Royals | 5 | 3 | 1 | GFL | GFL | |||||||||||||||
| Düsseldorf Panther | GFL | GFL | GFL | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | 4 | 4 | 5 | 2 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | 2 | 1 | GFL |
| Elmshorn Fighting Pirates | 8 | 8 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||||||||
| Lübeck Cougars | 4 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 3 | GFL | 5 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 2 | ||
| Rostock Griffins | 8 | 3 | 4 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||
| Langenfeld Longhorns | 5 | 3 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 | |||||||
| Solingen Paladins | 2 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Hamburg Huskies 1 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | 6 | ||
| Hannover Spartans | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Troisdorf Jets | 7 | 3 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 8 | |||||||||||
| Paderborn Dolphins | 3 | 2 | 5 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||
| Berlin Adler | 3 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | 8 | |
| Bonn Gamecocks | 7 | 6 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 7 | |||||||||||
| Assindia Cardinals | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | 7 | 7 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | 8 | 6 | 8 | |||||||
| Bielefeld Bulldogs | 8 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 7 | |||||||||||||||
| Ritterhude Badgers | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cologne Falcons | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | 2 | 6 | 6 | 1 | GFL | GFL | |||||||||
| Hamburg Blue Devils | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | 1 | GFL | GFL | ||||||||
| Osnabrück Tigers | 5 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Cottbus Crayfish | 2 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Mönchengladbach Mavericks | 1 | GFL | ||||||||||||||||||
| Magdeburg Virgin Guards | 6 | 5 | 4 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||
| Recklinghausen Chargers | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Frankfurt Red Cocks | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Weyhe Vikings | 4 | 7 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||
| Hannover Musketeers | 2 | 2 | GFL | 5 | ||||||||||||||||
| Bochum Cadets | 6 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Dortmund Giants | 5 | 3 |
- In the 2000, 2001 and 2006 seasons, only seven clubs played in the league.
- In the 2002 and 2011 seasons, only six clubs played in the league.
- In the 2003 season, only five clubs played in the league.
- 1 Played as the Hamburg Wild Huskies until 2003, then as the Hamburg Eagles from 2004 to 2009 before becoming the Hamburg Huskies from 2010.
South
| GFL 2 South | 00 | 01 | 02 | 03 | 04 | 05 | 06 | 07 | 08 | 09 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
| Stuttgart Scorpions | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL |
| Schwäbisch Hall Unicorns | 2 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL |
| Marburg Mercenaries | 3 | 1 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL |
| Munich Cowboys | GFL | GFL | GFL | 1 | GFL | GFL | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | |
| Allgäu Comets | 3 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | ||||||||
| Frankfurt Universe | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | ||||||||||||
| Ingolstadt Dukes | 2 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | |||||||||||||||
| Kirchdorf Wildcats 1 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | GFL | GFL | |||||
| Ravensburg Razorbacks | 4 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||||||||
| Saarland Hurricanes | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | 5 | 4 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | 2 | 2 |
| Straubing Spiders | 6 | 6 | 8 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||||||||
| Biberach Beavers | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Wiesbaden Phantoms | 4 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | GFL | GFL | GFL | 2 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | ||||
| Darmstadt Diamonds | 4 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | 3 | 5 | 4 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 6 | ||||
| Gießen Golden Dragons | 6 | 4 | 6 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||
| Nürnberg Rams | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | |||||||||||||
| Albershausen Crusaders | 6 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Montabaur Fighting Farmers | 4 | 7 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||
| Fursty Razorbacks | 2 | 7 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||
| Rhein Neckar Bandits | 5 | 4 | 2 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | ||||||||||||
| Franken Knights | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | 7 | |||
| München Rangers | 8 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Holzgerlingen Twister | 6 | 3 | 7 | 5 | 6 | |||||||||||||||
| Frankfurt Pirates | 6 | 5 | 6 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||
| Starnberg Argonauts | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Kaiserslautern Pikes | 6 | 8 | 3 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||
| Plattling Black Hawks | 3 | 3 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | ||||||||||||||
| Badener Greifs | 7 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Weinheim Longhorns | 3 | 1 | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | 8 | |||||||||||||
| Hanau Hornets | 8 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 7 | |||||||||||||
| Stuttgart Silver Arrows | 7 | 7 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||
| Königsbrunn Ants | 8 | 7 | 5 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||
| Aschaffenburg Stallions | GFL | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Jena Hanfrieds | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Franken Timberwolves | 5 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 7 | |||||||||||||||
| Rhein Main Razorbacks | GFL | GFL | GFL | GFL | ||||||||||||||||
| Mainz Golden Eagles | 5 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Rottenburg Red Knights | 4 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Landsberg Express | GFL |
| GFL = Team played in GFL | Divisional champion |
- In the 2003 and 2004 seasons, only seven clubs played in the league.
- In the 2001 season, only six clubs played in the league.
- 1 Played as the Simbach Wildcats until 2003.
Divisional champions
The winners of the regional divisions of the GFL:[2]
| Year | North | Central | South |
| 1982 | Hamburg Dolphins | Red Barons Cologne | Noris Rams |
| 1983 | Bonn Jets | Mannheim Redskins | Kempten Comets |
| 1984 | Dortmund Giants | Mainz Golden Eagles | Kempten Comets |
| 1985 | Cologne Crocodiles II | Stuttgart Scorpions | Rothenburg Knights |
| Year | North | West | Central | South |
| 1986 | Hildesheim Invaders | Recklinghausen Chargers | Schwäbisch Hall Unicorns | München Rangers |
| 1987 | Bremerhaven Seahawks | Ratingen Raiders | Schwäbisch Hall Unicorns | Würzburg Pumas |
| 1988 | Bremen Buccaneers | Recklinghausen Chargers | Rüsselsheim Crusaders | Königsbrunn Ants |
| 1989 | Hildesheim Invaders | Recklinghausen Chargers | Darmstadt Diamonds | Fürth Buffalos |
| 1990 | Hamburg Silver Eagles | Cologne Bears | Stuttgart Scorpions | Regensburg Royals |
| 1991 | Berlin Rebels | Cologne Bears | Stuttgart Scorpions | Regensburg Royals |
| 1992 | Hamburg Silver Eagles | Solingen Hurricanes | Hanau Hawks | Rothenburg Knights |
| 1993 | Braunschweig Lions | Cologne Bears | Frankfurt Gamblers | Erding Bulls |
| 1994 | Kiel Baltic Hurricanes | Tecklenburg Silverbacks | Stuttgart Scorpions | Simbach Wildcats |
| Year | North | South |
| 1995 | Kiel Baltic Hurricanes | Rüsselsheim Razorbacks |
| 1996 | Berlin Rebels | Landsberg Express |
| 1997 | Paderborn Dolphins | Saarland Hurricanes |
| 1998 | Berlin Rebels | Aschaffenburg Stallions |
| 1999 | Bremen Bravehearts | Franken Knights |
| 2000 | Assindia Cardinals | Saarland Hurricanes |
| 2001 | Berlin Adler | Marburg Mercenaries |
| 2002 | Dresden Monarchs | Marburg Mercenaries |
| 2003 | Düsseldorf Panther | Simbach Wildcats |
| 2004 | Cologne Falcons | Munich Cowboys |
| 2005 | Kiel Baltic Hurricanes | Darmstadt Diamonds |
| 2006 | Kiel Baltic Hurricanes | Weinheim Longhorns |
| 2007 | Hamburg Eagles | Munich Cowboys |
| 2008 | Assindia Cardinals | Plattling Black Hawks |
| 2009 | Berlin Rebels | Franken Knights |
| 2010 | Mönchengladbach Mavericks | Saarland Hurricanes |
| 2011 | Hamburg Blue Devils | Franken Knights |
| 2012 | Cologne Falcons | Allgäu Comets |
| 2013 | Bielefeld Bulldogs | Allgäu Comets |
| 2014 | Hamburg Huskies | Kirchdorf Wildcats |
| 2015 | Hildesheim Invaders | Frankfurt Universe |
| 2016 | Cologne Crocodiles | Ingolstadt Dukes |
| 2017 | Potsdam Royals | Kirchdorf Wildcats |
| 2018 | Düsseldorf Panther | Ravensburg Razorbacks |
| 2019 | Elmshorn Fighting Pirates | Ravensburg Razorbacks |
References
- ^ German Football League 2 Archived 2011-07-18 at the Wayback Machine (in German) AFVD website, accessed: 20 January 2011
- ^ a b c d e f Football History(in German) Historic American football tables from Germany, accessed: 2 January 2010
- ^ Spielplan der GFL für 2011 steht (in German) GFL website, published: 8 December 2010, accessed: 29 December 2010
- ^ GFL 2008 www.football-aktuell.de, accessed: 2 January 2011
- ^ GFL 2009 www.football-aktuell.de, accessed: 2 January 2011
- ^ GFL 2010 www.football-aktuell.de, accessed: 2 January 2011
External links
- (in German) German Football League official website
- (in German) German American Football Association website
- (in German) Football History Historic American football tables from Germany